Composting Concepts

Dead leaves are common "brown materials" necessary in composting.

The use of compost is "one of the best ways you can build healthy soil in your garden and lawn," according to the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. It's a simple process you can perform with landscape clippings and kitchen waste from around your home.

What You Need

Decide whether to use a compost bin (to keep critters away) or a simple pile. Place it in a dry area, out of sight in the shade near a water source. Finally, gather materials to create your compost.

Material Types

Green materials like grass clippings, vegetables and coffee grounds add nitrogen to the compost pile. Brown ingredients contribute carbon to the compost process, and include dead leaves, brown paper scraps and straw.

What To Do

Layer 1 part green materials to 3 parts brown ingredients in the compost pile or bin. Fluff the pile with a shovel or pitch fork to add air to the mix. Water the pile during dry spells to ensure it is moist enough.

What Happens

Billions of microorganisms will break down the brown and green materials and help it decompose. Once any sign of food waste is no longer visible, the material should be dark in color and have a rich smell. Add it to your garden soil to improve nutrient quality, aeration, and moisture retention.

References

• United States Environmental Protection Agency: Backyard Composting: It's Only Natural