What Is the Job of a Forensic Chemist?
A forensic chemist analyzes evidence that is collected at crime scenes by using principles of chemistry, genetics and biology. Materials that a forensic chemist may look at include bodily fluids, tissue and hair samples.
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Type of Work
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The work of a forensic chemist includes a variety of tasks such as fingerprint analysis, toxicology examinations and alcohol testing.
Fingerprint Analysis
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Forensic chemists make fingerprint comparisons in order to determine if the evidence at a crime scene matches the prints of a suspect. Scientists may analyze fingerprints from smooth surfaces---which are detected through the use of light or powder---or from more hidden sources, such as documents. In these cases, fingerprints can be made visible through the use of chemicals that make them appear fluorescent when placed under lasers.
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Toxicology
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Forensic biochemists often work in toxicology, which involves analyzing materials (e.g., blood, urine, or body tissue) for legal and illegal drugs, as well as poisons. For example, when someone dies of an unknown cause, forensic chemists may examine the body in search of poisons. They are also used to perform DNA tests for sexual assault or paternity cases.
Forensic chemists may also be used for business purposes, such as by employers that require their staff to undergo drug tests.
Alcohol Testing
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Forensic chemists may be asked to testify in drunken-driving cases. Although law enforcement personnel actually test alleged drunken-drivers by using Breathalyzer devices, a forensic chemist calibrates the machines and testifies about their accuracy.
Job Opportunities
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Forensic chemists often work in government laboratories of state, local and federal jurisdictions. There are also job opportunities in private labs.
Educational Requirements
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Forensic chemists generally obtain undergraduate degrees in chemistry or other scientific fields, such as microbiology or physiology. Students should also pursue electives in law enforcement and criminal justice. Many employers also require that forensic chemists receive a master's degree in forensic science with a heavy concentration on laboratory research and physical evidence. Additionally, forensic chemists must participate in continuing education courses throughout their careers in order to stay abreast of recent developments in the field.
Other Requirements
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In addition to educational requirements and scientific knowledge, forensic chemists must be able to stand or sit for long periods of time and work well under pressure---as law enforcement personnel and prosecutors need their results in a timely manner to close cases. Forensic chemists must also have strong communication skills in order to testify in court and explain their findings in a way that laypeople can understand.
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References
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