Teaching Ideas To Make "Beowulf" Simple
The epic poem "Beowulf" was composed by a single author in Anglo-Saxon England, sometime between the eighth and eleventh centuries. Suitable for students of all abilities in upper-grade high school, the poem tells the story of Beowulf and his battle against the monster Grendel. Although "Beowulf" may appear a difficult text to study, there are many ways that teachers can make it more enjoyable and accessible for students.
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Historical Context
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Learning about the historical context of "Beowulf" is one way to simplify it for students. Before reading, have students complete an independent research project on Anglo-Saxon culture and society, using books and the Internet. You can also introduce them to Middle English, the original language of the "Beowulf" poem, using audio files from Internet websites. These activities, suitable for pre-reading, will help students to make a connection between the history and the language of "Beowulf" and ultimately enhance their overall understanding.
Epic Poetry
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Many students may be unfamiliar with the term "epic poetry" when they start to read "Beowulf." Simplify their studies by discussing the definition of epic poetry as a long, narrative poem written to celebrate the deeds of a hero or god. As a pre-reading tool, complete an activity where students brainstorm the characteristics of a hero. Have students think about the people they consider to be heroes. Then, as you read the poem together, have students keep an "epic log"; a journal where they can jot down any examples of heroism or bravery. This will also aid them in conducting an analysis of the character of Beowulf.
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Summary and Glossary
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Chapter and plot summaries can be useful in helping to both simplify "Beowulf" and to ensure that students keep on track with their reading. At the end of a chapter, have students rewrite what they have just read in their own words. Use regular class discussion to assess student comprehension. A student-created glossary or one printed from the Internet will also provide a deeper understanding of the poem, as students will frequently encounter unfamiliar words in the text, such as "blood-feud." You could collate the words from the glossary into a "Beowulf" word wall.
Modern "Beowulf"
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In this creative writing assignment, students write their own modernized version of "Beowulf." They could choose to rewrite "Beowulf" with a modern setting and characters; as an analysis paper comparing Grendel's attacks with recent conflicts or terrorist events; or as a personal reflection on overcoming struggles -- a metaphorical representation of Grendel. This activity will not only help students to connect with the story by making it relevant to them, but it will also help them to start thinking critically about themes and characters.
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