How to Identify the Theme in Elementary Short Stories

Identifying a story's theme involves analyzing the plot, story structure and characters.

Many state's education standards require students to identify the theme of poems, short stories and chapter books. The theme of an elementary short story is typically a lesson or moral about concepts such as working together, being yourself, managing feelings or solving a problem. The author weaves together theme, plot, story structure and characters to tell a story. Since these story elements are interconnected, studying other components of a story can help identify its theme.

Instructions

1. Read the title and look at the cover illustration to identify any clues about the theme.

2. Read the story and identify the story structure. Most short stories focus on a basic problem and its resolution, while texts for upper elementary students may contain both major and minor problems and resolutions. The problem often relates to the story's theme.

3. Study the plot of the story, including details of events leading up to the crisis and affecting its resolution. Repeated phrases, symbols or sequences of events may help indicate the theme. Consider any elements of the plot that might have a non-literal interpretation.

4. Examine the physical appearance, actions and speech of the main characters, as well as their interactions with other characters. The theme may center around a mental, physical or emotional change in the main character.

5. Combine information about the story's central problem, patterns of symbols or events, and the evolution of the character to identify the theme.

References

• Annenburg Media: Literature -- Analyzing Theme

Resources

• Read this Article in Spanish
• "CASL News": Helping Elementary Children to Understand Story Themes