How to Make Stick Matches

A stick match is a deceptively simple household item. In fact, stick matches take some time to create and require the use of dangerous chemicals that can be difficult to procure. So, unless you really enjoy chemistry experiments or DIY projects, you'll probably be happier with store-bought matches. But if you're still intrigued, here's the simplest recipe---exercise caution and be sure to wear protective gear.

Things You'll Need

• Small wooden dowels
• 1 tsp. red phosphorus
• 1 tsp. potassium chlorate
• Elmer's glue
• Baking sheet
• Safety glasses
• Leather gloves
• Toothpicks

Instructions

1. Using a toothpick, mix 1 tsp. of potassium chlorate with 1/2 tsp. of Elmer's glue. Be sure to mix thoroughly.

2. Roll the tip of a wooden dowel in the mixture. You need only cover about 1 mm at the tip of the dowel. Repeat the process with as many dowels as you wish.

3. Put the dowels on a baking sheet. Bake them at 150 degrees F for two hours. Allow the matches to cool.

4. Using a fresh toothpick, mix 1 tsp. of red phosphorus with 1/2 tsp. of Elmer's glue. Dip the dowels into the red phosphorus mixture, making sure it completely covers the potassium chlorate.

5. Bake the dowels at 150 degrees F for another two hours.

Tips & Warnings

• Dip the matches in melted wax to make them waterproof. This will also make them burn longer.

• Do not let potassium chlorate and red phosphorus touch each other. If mixed without the glue to separate them, these volatile chemicals could cause a potentially fatal explosion. Wear safety glasses, leather gloves and a long-sleeved shirt to protect yourself in case of an explosion. Do not use the baking sheet for baking food after you have used it to make matches. The sale of red phosphorus is strictly controlled in the U.S. because it has been used to make methamphetamine. Several international online retailers sell it, but whether these sources can be considered reputable is your decision. You may be able to purchase small amounts of the chemical from U.S. chemical supply companies.

References

• Making a Perfect Match