How to Identify & Get Rid of Garter Snakes

Garter snakes are ordinary garden reptiles commonly found in both rural and urban areas. Diverse subspecies have distinct color and temperament variations, however, universal qualities can help identify a garter snake. While most of these snakes are harmless, you may want to remove them from your property.

Difficulty: Moderate

Instructions

Garter Snake Identification

1. Take notes while observing the snake. Determine specific characteristics and compare against garter snake qualities. Data can be compared with subspecies identification charts offered by herpetological societies or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services (see Resources).

2. Determine the length of the snake. Most garter snakes exceed 2 feet in length; However, some subspecies can be 3 feet long.

3. Evaluate the snake's unique color. Garter snakes generally have a brown or green tint. Additionally, common species have a lighter-shaded stripe along the length of the body. Take a photo of the snake to help identify it.

4. Study the snake's tongue. Garter snakes have a forked tongue that helps them navigate their environment and provides their sense of smell. Garter snakes will commonly flick their tongue in and out of their mouths.

5. Smell the air. A garter snake that feels threatened will release a sweet, foul odor called "musk" to deter predators. Many creatures dine on these small snakes, including crows, hawks and owls.

6. Observe the snake. Garter snakes are active during both night and day and are commonly spotted basking in the sunlight. Garter snakes are fast moving, agile and give birth to live young. They eat many small animals, including grasshoppers, birds, tadpoles, insects, fish and mice.

Garter Snake Removal

7. Trim back bushes and shrubs. Although the common garden snake can be beneficial to maintaining creature populations, removal of snakes begins with regular yard work. Plant bushes and shrubs away from the home and trim them back often to prevent surprise intrusions.

8. Mow the lawn. Garter snakes find refuge from predators---and encounter their next meal---in high grasses. Frequently cut the grass to keep levels low.

9. Remove the snake's food. Homeowners with mouse or insect problems may discover garter snakes as well. Have the home inspected for rodents.

10. Use snake repellent products. Try commonly available products to assist with garter snake removal, including mothball flakes, sulfur and natural oil combinations, traps and animal scents. These products do not guarantee snake removal.

11. Contact a professional. If a garter snake population continues or if one gets inside your home, contact a professional who is knowledgeable about snakes and has experience with removing them.

Tips & Warnings

• Most garter snakes are harmless creatures that will rid your back yard of pesky mice and small animals. Consider leaving snakes alone.
• Do not attempt to capture a wild snake unless you have the proper materials or a professional. Exert caution, as snakes can bite when threatened, and some species are venemous.

Resources

• Garter Snake Information
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services
• Urban Wildlife Control