How to Troubleshoot a Swamp Cooler

Swamp coolers are generally used for adding moisture to household air. They are used effectively in dry climates such as the desert or high mountain altitudes. The swamp cooler consists of a water reservoir in which the level of water is controlled by a simple float valve. A water pump pushes water to an upper tray that allows the water to filter through a cardboard type medium called a wet cell. Air is passed over the wet cells from the outdoors, by an electrically powered fan, and into the home. Some swamp coolers may have a secondary filter to clean the air before it enters the interior environment.

Things You'll Need

• Float bulb (optional) Float control valve (optional) Circulation pump (optional) Household bleach Scrub brush Fan belt (optional) New wet cells (optional) New secondary filter (furnace type filter)

Instructions

1. Remove the wet cells from the swamp cooler. Inspect for damage and any signs of algae or mold growth.

2. Check the operation of the float control valve that regulates the level of the water reservoir. Many times the float bulb may have a leak in the outer case and may have to be replaced. Push the bulb float into the tank to open the valve. The water should fill the water tank. If it does not, replace the float valve assembly.

3. Turn the circulation pump "on" and observe the flow of water through the upper tray. There should be a free flow of water through the small holes. This will give an even distribution of water over the wet cells. If the pump fails to operate the pump may have to be replaced.

4. Check the tension of the fan motor belt to the circulation fan. If the belt is worn, replace it with a new one. The fan belt should be free of any breaks or cracks in the rubber. Generally the fan motor and blade are both "long life" parts to the swamp cooler. The cost of replacing both of these parts may be a higher cost than the swamp cooler itself. Check with local dealers to compare the prices.

5. Pour some of the household bleach, about one cup, into the reservoir tank and switch "on" the circulation pump. Allow the bleach solution to flow through out the system to clean and deodorizes the water distribution system.

6. Drain the swamp cooler and scrub the metal water system parts with the scrub brush. Flush with clean water.

7. Refill the swamp cooler using the float control valve with fresh water.

8. Replace the wet cells with new ones and allow the swap cooler to operate. Check all parts for leaks and proper water flow.

9. Replace the interior air filter with a new, clean furnace filter. You may want to keep this on a maintained type of schedule to allow fresh filtered air into your home.

Tips & Warnings

• Swamp coolers should not be used in areas with high humidity as the swamp coolers add moisture to the air for cooling.

• Be cautious of bacterial growth in a swamp coolers reservoir. The tank may have to be periodically treated with a slight bleach solution to kill any foreign growth.