What Is Maltitol Sweetener?

Maltitol forms from hydrogenated maltose, a malt sugar. The starch-based disaccharide polyol, known as a sugar alcohol, contains two glucose molecules. Manufacturers typically employ maltitol as a low-calorie sugar substitute or bulking agent.

Features

Maltitol provides 90 percent of sugar's sweetness in approximately 2.1 calories per gram. The powdery white food additive also imparts a creamy texture to reduced-fat foods. Maltitol, which is water-soluble, shelf-stable and heat-resistant, will not caramelize (brown) when heated.

Function

Manufacturers often replace sugar with maltitol in processed confections for diabetics or low-carbohydrate dieters. Since maltitol absorbs into the body gradually, it prevents sudden spikes in blood glucose levels. Maltitol can also flavor oral hygiene products without promoting tooth decay.

Considerations

Countries like Canada, Australia and Japan approve maltitol for widespread use as a food flavoring, moisturizer and bulking agent. The United States Food and Drug Administration has not officially validated maltitol's safety. Excessive maltitol consumption may cause loose stools, bloating, carbohydrate cravings or diarrhea.

References

• The Sugar Association: Other Sweeteners: Sugar Alcohols: Maltitol
• Calorie Control Control: Sugar Substitutes: Polyols: Maltitol
• "An A-Z Guide to Food Additives: Never Eat What You Can't Pronounce"; Deanna M Minich PhD; 2009
• "Why There's Antifreeze in Your Toothpaste"; Simon Quellen Field; 2007
• "Food Additives : A Shopper's Guide To What's Safe & What's Not"; Christine H. Farlow; 2001