How Does a GPS System Really Work?
The Global Positioning System allows us to find our position almost anywhere in the world. GPS consists of 24 satellites that operate on atomic clocks. The satellites broadcast radio signals monitored from ground stations that analyze and update the signals
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Satellite Signals
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Each satellite broadcasts a signal consisting of its position and the time. Using data from three satellites at a time, a GPS receiver compares its own time to satellite time and calculates its distance from the satellite.
Positioning
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When the receiver makes contact with a fourth satellite, GPS then calculates the receiver's position by altitude, longitude and latitude.
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Atomic Time
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Accurate determination of position requires accurate timekeeping. GPS relies on atomic clocks, which keep time better than any other clock. Each satellite has four.
Monitoring the System
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The U.S. Department of Defense monitors the position, altitude, speed, and time of each satellite, and maintains the accuracy of the system by transmitting regular updates to each satellite.
Other GPS Requirements
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Keeping the atomic clocks and satellites synchronized from the ground requires sophisticated technology like specialized circuitry, microchips, and computers that enable tracking and two-way communication with each satellite.
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