Definition and Function of the Human Skeleton

The human skeleton has 206 bones, some which are fused to each other and others that are hinged. The skeleton has five main functions: it protects soft tissue, allows movement, supports the body, produces blood cells and stores needed minerals for the body.

Protection

The skeleton protects the internal organs of the body. The skull protects the brain and sensory organs, the thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs, and the vertebral column protects the spinal cord.

Movement

Bones attached to skeletal muscle use the bones as levers to allow for movement. When the muscles contract, the pull on the bone, causing it to move.

Support

Support is a key function of the skeleton. Bones provide the framework for the soft tissue and internal organs of the body. They also provide the body's shape.

Blood Cell Formation

Blood cell formation, or hematopoiesis, occurs in the red bone marrow of the long bones. The sternum and ilia are two other bones that also contain red marrow.

Storage of Minerals

Phosphorous and calcium are two of the minerals that can be stored in bones. If needed, the bones can release the needed amount of the minerals to keep the body in balance.

References

• The Human Body in Health and Illness; Barbara Herlihy, PhD, RN; 2003
• Body Structures & Functions; Ann Senisi Scott; 2004
• The Anatomy Coloring Book; Wynn Kapit; 2001