Fact Sheet

History of Steamboats

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By C. Phillips
eHow Contributing Writer
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Before there were trains, cars and airplanes, people often used boats as a primary form of transportation. Until the late 18th century, though, travel on rivers was often a slow, tedious process. That changed with the invention of steamboats that were no longer dependent on human power or the wind. While steamboats had their own dangers, they revolutionized travel and made it cheaper and easier for people and goods to travel to interior destinations far from the ocean.

    Early Steamboats

  1. The first steamboat in the United States was invented by John Fitch in 1787. While operable, they remained too expensive for regular use. It was not until 1807 that the first practical steamboat was built. The Clermont traveled the Hudson River between New York City and Albany. Other steamboats would soon follow.
  2. What is a Steamboat?

  3. A steamboat is a boat powered by a steam engine. They typically had large paddlewheels at the rear or on the sides.
  4. Types of Steamboats

  5. Steamboats ran the gamut from the ornate and grand to the utilitarian and simple. Showboats were elaborately decorated and outfitted with theaters, organs, saloons and other entertainment-driven spaces. Far more common was the basic packet boat; these steamboats transported goods up and down the river. A snagboat was a steamboat that removed large pieces of debris, or "snags," from the riverbed, thereby making river travel safer for other boats.
  6. Dangers of Steamboats

  7. Travel by steamboat was not without its dangers; boats ran the risk of sinking, of boiler explosions, and, in some areas, attacks from the shore. Boilers were the most common problem, and had to be carefully monitored to ensure that pressure did not build up to dangerous levels. Too much pressure could lead to its explosion, potentially both destroying the boat itself as well as killing or injuring its passengers.
  8. The End of Steamboat Travel

  9. By the end of the 19th century new transportation technologies were beginning to offer alternatives to steamboat travel. In the United States, a growing railroad system competed with steamboats. The invention of automobiles and the expansion of paved roads further diminished the role of steamboats. Airplanes soon followed. In many parts of the world steamboats fell from favor.
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