What Is Galvanized Steel?
Metal specially coated to resist rust and corrosion is galvanized steel. Galvanized steel is an ideal component for building structures that need to withstand years of exposure to the elements. Galvanized steel has been used in industry for more than 100 years and remains one of the most popular building materials because of its durability. Does this Spark an idea?
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How Its Made
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Galvanized steel is made by dipping the desired steel product into a vat of hot molten zinc. The molten zinc is heated to 680 degrees Fahrenheit. When the hot dipped steel is pulled from the zinc bath, it reacts with the oxygen in the atmosphere and the zinc coating actually becomes a part of the steel. This process is called galvanizing. The process of galvanizing steel remains much the same as it was 100 years ago, but modern technology continues to improve upon the process. Today, instead of actually dipping some metal into molten zinc, the metal surfaces, which are charged with electricity, are sprayed with a thin coating of zinc. The electrical charge in the metal causes the same reaction with the oxygen in the atmosphere, and galvanization takes place.
Uses
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Galvanized metal is especially useful for metal surfaces that endure constant or frequent exposure to the elements. Because galvanized steel is both water and salt repellent, it is an excellent choice for the hulls of boats. Galvanized steel is the U.S. Navy's first choice for carriers, submarines and ships. Galvanized steel is also a popular choice for the structure of bridges and as the internal steel structure of buildings. Galvanized metal is also a top choice for stair rails and outdoor playground equipment.
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Lifetime
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The usable lifetime of galvanized steel depends on the industry in which it is used. In rural applications where the steel is not exposed to saltwater, the usable lifetime of galvanized steel often exceeds 60 years. In temperate to tropical marine areas where the galvanized steel faces exposure to salt spray and saltwater, the usable lifetime of galvanized steel is approximately 30 to 40 years. In industrial areas where galvanized steel is often exposed to corrosive chemicals, the usable lifetime is approximately 20 years.
Care
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The inspection and care of galvanized steel will extend its usable lifetime. Removal of areas of corrosion is important. Any areas that have lost their zinc coating need to be covered with paint that is specially formulated for galvanized steel. Galvanized steel that has 5% of its surface area covered with a depth of rust that is 0.5 mm thick is no longer usable and should be replaced.
Professional Organizations
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Two professional organizations that govern the making of galvanized steel in the United States are the American Galvanizers Association and the Structural Steel Fabricators of New England. These two organizations work with industries to ensure that galvanized steel manufacturers adhere to the professional standards set forth by the organizations.
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References
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