What is Psoriasis?
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease that can be quite uncomfortable. It is more common among people with a family history of the disease and with underlying health conditions. Although the precise cause of psoriasis remains unknown, it is believed to be an auto-immune disorder caused by a malfunctioning immune system attacking healthy cells.
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Types
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There are several types of psoriasis. Plaque psoriasis causes the formation of dry, red skin lesions with silvery scales. Guttate psoriasis mainly occurs in young adults, and causes salmon-colored lesions primarily on the trunk. Pustular psoriasis causes pus-filled blisters, primarily on the hands, feet and fingertips. Inverse psoriasis appears in skin folds, such as those in the armpits, groin and under the breasts.
Effects
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The symptoms of psoriasis differ greatly from person to person. In general, areas of skin become covered by silvery scales. When psoriasis occurs in children, only small scaling spots are visible. The skin often becomes dry and cracked, and may itch or burn. Psoriasis also affects other parts of the body, and can cause pitted or ridged nails and inflammatory arthritis. Symptoms of psoriasis often fluctuate over time.
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Identification
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A doctor may suspect psoriasis based upon a visual examination of the skin, joints, and fingernails. A small portion of the affected skin may be taken for biopsy to verify the diagnosis. This skin is examined under a microscope for signs of abnormal cells. If joint problems are present, blood tests may be performed to determine whether the arthritis is related to the psoriasis.
Considerations
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Several conditions can mimic psoriasis, and must be ruled out before a diagnosis is made. Seborrheic dermatitis can create scaly, greasy red patches on the scalp and oily parts of the body. Lichen planus is an inflammatory skin condition that can cause psoriasis-like rashes on the arms and legs. Pityriasis rosea is a common skin condition that closely resembles guttate psoriasis, but is temporary in nature.
Prevention/Solution
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Psoriasis treatment is chosen based on the kind of psoriasis and its severity. Usually, treatment begins with topical creams. Ultraviolet light therapy may also be used. The goal is to stop the formation of abnormal skin cells so that inflammation can be controlled. In severe cases, oral or injected medications may be used to control psoriasis. Some home remedies can help ease the symptoms of psoriasis, including using moisturizers, gentle soaps, and taking warm baths.
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