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There are many causes for edema. Some causes, such as kidney, heart and liver problems, are serious. Less-serious causes can be related to eating a diet which is high in salt and carbohydrates. Abusing certain over-the-counter medications such as laxatives and diuretics can cause edema. Women who are pregnant or menstruating quite often experience edema in their feet and ankles.
The appearance of swollen ankles and legs may be noticeable in the morning and may worsen as the day goes on. If edema is not treated, high blood pressure and palpitations may develop, as well as increased urination, headaches and swelling in the hands. Untreated edema may also cause skin ulcerations. -
To care for your ankle edema, the most important thing to remember is to elevate the legs. You can do this while sitting or lying down. You can use a recliner or prop pillows under your legs while you are sleeping, as long as your ankles stay above your heart. Medical equipment such as leg wedges can also be used while you are sleeping.
Be sure your shoes and socks fit properly. The best time to buy shoes that fit properly is in the afternoon when your ankles are swollen. Also consider wearing support socks or stockings at the correct gradient for your edema. These can be found at drug stores and medical supply stores. Exercise is important to pump the fluid back to your heart. - There are several things to avoid if you are suffering from ankle edema. Do not stand in one place for prolonged periods of time. Lose weight if you are overweight and limit your salt intake. If you can, you may want to avoid hormone replacement or birth control pills as they may contribute to ankle edema. Increase your water intake. Although diuretics may be useful short-term, abuse of them can also be a cause of edema.
- If you feel shortness of breath or chest pain, call 911 right away. Otherwise, seek medical assistance if you are not urinating or have a fever. Let your doctor know if you have a history of liver disease. The affected ankles should not be red or warm to the touch. If they are, contact your physician.
