What are the Steps in Polyester Becoming Yarn?

Polyester is a fabric made up of a group of polymers, first discovered in the early 1940s. Used alone, it is a cheap alternative to finer fabrics, but when mixed into a micro-fiber blend, it is considered a high-end fabric. It is used in clothing, carpets, upholstery and drapery. Polyester is made of petroleum and can be made into yarn.

Synthesized Polyester

Polyester must first be synthesized before it is turned into yarn. Because polyester is made from petroleum, there are constituent acids and alcohols present. The polyester is put into a vacuum that is kept at a high temperature, where the acids and alcohols react, turning the polyester into a ribbon. Once it is hardened, it is cut into small pieces.

Spinneret

The small pieces of polyester are heated and put into a spinneret---a nozzle with thousands of small holes. When the material comes out of the spinneret, it is wrapped around cylinders.

Drawing Out The Fabric

Fiber is drawn out by heating and stretching the material. It stretches out to five times its original length. The width of the fabric is thinned, giving the fabric the perfect amount of strength.

Filament Vs. Spun

Polyester can be made into filament or spun yarn. To make filament yarn, single-fiber strands are grouped together and then twisted to stay in place. Spun yarn is made by cutting the strands into small pieces, combining the small pieces and spinning them together.

References

• Wired
• Swicofil

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