Tips for Athletic Socks

Athletic socks are every bit as important as shoes when it comes to healthy feet and maximum fitness performance. Wearing inappropriate socks can lead to toenail problems, blisters, infections, bursitis and bunions, among many other conditions. Fortunately, you can help prevent such problems by keeping a few simple tips in mind when choosing the right socks.

Materials to Look For

While cotton is an excellent fiber for most clothing, it isn't as effective when used to make athletic socks. Cotton absorbs moisture, and active feet have 250,000 sweat glands which can perspire four to six ounces a day. Cotton will hold the moisture against your skin, where it increases friction and provides a breeding ground for bacteria and fungi. The best materials will instead wick moisture away from the skin, transferring it to the outside of the shoe via a breathable shoe texture (standard on athletic shoes). New synthetic fibers are the best, found in such materials as CoolMax® and Smartwool. Also, look for a double-layer acrylic sock as opposed to a single layer sock. A study of 1,079 U.S. soldiers in 1993 found synthetic fiber socks significantly outperformed wool socks, and adding a CoolMax® liner to the wool socks reduced blisters. The study also found that double-layer socks further reduced blisters still.

The Right Fit

Socks that are too big for your feet can rub, and socks which are too small will prevent your toes from spreading out; either extreme causing blisters. For the best fit, have your feet measured by a shoe salesperson or podiatrist to determine the proper size for you. Wear your socks when getting a fitting for athletic shoes or the fit might not be right.

Sports-Specific Considerations

Consider sock height when choosing athletic socks for different sports. Over-the-calf socks are more appropriate for baseball, basketball, skiing, snowboarding, and soccer. Mid-calf socks are best for skating. Slouch style socks are good for aerobics. Crew socks are best for running, golf, tennis, racquetball, and hiking.

Thickness is another consideration. Thin socks or liners are used for cycling, running, and skiing; padded or thicker, double-layered socks are used for jogging, skiing, hiking, tennis, and basketball.

Sports with side-to-side movements (aerobics, tennis) require more cushion for the ball of the foot. Hikers, runners and walkers need added padding in the soles. Basketball players should choose socks with cushioned soles as well as extended heel pads to protect the Achilles tendon.

Look for athletic socks authorized to use the American Podiatric Medical Association's seal of acceptance.

References

• Socks: Hosiery - Essential Equipment for the Athlete
• Rock Your Socks
• American Podiatric Medical Association

Resources

• Don't Knock Your Socks

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