How to Pronounce English Alphabets - Part I: Consonants (H)

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Introduction

This is in continuation of my previous two articles. The Steps about consonant ‘h’ have been included in this article for better understanding. It is essential to know these words – Digraph, Trigraph, Syllable and Phoneme: Digraph means combination of two successive letters representing one sound as in ‘ch’, ‘ph’, ‘ey’ etc. (H is a part of digraph ‘ch’, ‘gh’, ‘ph’, ‘rh’, ‘sh’, ‘th’ and ‘wh’) Trigraph means a group of three letters representing one sound as in ‘sch’. Syllable is a unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme. For example ‘Pocket’ has two syllables. Phoneme is one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language.

By: Rattanji

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Instructions

Text Size: +
Difficulty: Moderately Easy

Tips & Warnings:

  • Make list and add new words.
  • Listen difficult words with the help of 'Text to Speech' software like 'Balabolka' or 'Speakonia'.
  • For listening individual words use 'WordWeb 5' dictionary software.
  • Incase of doubt consult other sources.
Step1
Alphabet H:
‘h’, with few exceptions, is pronounced at the beginning of a word. ‘h’ has the same sound as in Habit, Halt, Hammock, Hand, Has, Hat, Hear, Hide, High, Honey.
(However there are exceptions)
Step2
Alphabet H (continued)
If ‘h’ is behind ‘c’ at the end of a word, ‘ch’ has ‘ch’ sound as in Butterscotch, Dispatch, Punch, Stopwatch, Torch.
Step3
Summary Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘c’, ‘ch’ has:
(a) Mostly, ‘ch’ sound as in Apache, Archer, Bench, Chain, Church, Each, Touching.
(b) ‘k’ sound in some words as in Achy, Architect, Bronchial, Chord, Epoch, School, Chaos, Choir, Chemistry, Christmas, Monarch, Orchid, Technical.
(c) ‘sh’ sound in some words as in Chef, Chauffeur, Champagne, Parachute.
(There are some such words in the dictionary)
(d) ‘ch’ is silent in Yacht.
(See Image)
Step4
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘aug’ or ‘oug’ at the end of a word, ‘gh’ has ‘ff’ sound as in Chough, Cough, Enough, Laugh, Rough, Sough, Tough, Trough.
(Only these words and their derivatives were found in the dictionary)
Step5
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘p’, ‘ph’ sounds ‘ff’ as in Biography, Dolphin, Murphy, Nymph, Triumph.
Step6
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘t’, ‘th’ has mostly soft ‘th’ sound as in Catholic, Cloth, Earthen, Health, Thin, Lethargic, Methanol, Naphthalene, Overthrow, Priesthood, Sympathy, Thaw, Theft, Thick, Thigh, Thread, Three, Wealthy.
Step7
Summary Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘t’, ‘th’ has sometimes ‘dh’ or hard ‘th’ sound as in Breather, Clothing, That, The, Then, Thence, There, Thereby, This, Thyself. (See Image)
Step8
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is between ‘g’ and ‘t’, ‘ght’ has ‘t’ sound (i.e. ‘gh’ is silent) in most of the words as in Bright, Eight, Height, Lighten, Naughty, Laughter.
Step9
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is between ‘aug’ and ‘t’ , ‘aught’ has ‘ot’ sound (i.e. ‘gh’ is silent) as in Distraught, Fraught, Naught, Onslaught, Taught, Untaught.
(Exceptions are Aught, Draught)
(Only these words were found in the dictionary)
Step10
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is between ‘oug’ and ‘t’, ‘ought’ has ‘ot’ sound (i.e. ‘gh’ is silent) as in Aforethought, Afterthought, Besought, Bethought, Bought, Brought, Dreadnought, Drought, Forethought, Fought, Ought, Rethought, Sought, Thought, Unsought, Wrought.
(Only these words were found in the Dictionary)
Step11
Alphabet H (continued)
If ‘h’ is behind ‘w’, ‘wh’ has ‘ho’ or ‘hu’ sound in some words as in Who, Whole, Wholly, Whom, Whoop, Whose, Whosoever.
Step12
Summary Alphabet H (continued):
‘h’ is silent when it sounds like a vowel at the beginning of a word as in Heir , Honest, Honesty, Honor, Hour, Herb. (Article ‘an’ is used before such words)(See Image)
Step13
Alphabet H (continued)
If ‘h’ is behind a vowel at the end of a word, it is mostly silent as in Ah, Amah, Cheetah, Huh, Hurrah, Maharajah, Messiah, Noah, Sarah, Oh, Uh.
Step14
Alphabet H (continued):
‘h’ is mostly silent in the words beginning with ‘gh’ as in Ghee, Gherkin, Ghetto, Ghost, Ghoul.
Step15
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘vowel + g’, ‘gh’ is mostly silent as in Bough, Bought, Caught, Daughter, Dough, Eight, Fought, High, Ought, Plough, Sigh, Sought, Taught, Thorough, Ugh, Waugh.
Step16
Alphabet H (continued):
‘h’ is silent in the words beginning with ‘rh’ as in Rhea, Rheostat, Rhino, Rhyme, Rhythm.
Step17
Summary Alphabet H (continued)
‘h’ is silent in the words ending with ‘h’ and preceded by ‘r’ as in Myrrh, Catarrh.
(Only these words were found in dictionary) (See Image)
Step18
Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘t’, it is sometimes silent as in Thames, Thomas.
Step19
Alphabet H (continued):
‘h’ is silent in the words beginning with ‘wh’ as in Whale, Wham, Whammy, What, Whelm, When, Whip, Whiz, Where, Whether, Why. (But some people whisper ‘h’ before ‘w’)
Step20
Alphabet H (continued):
‘h’ is silent when it is at the beginning of a weak-vowel syllable, as in Annihilate, Vehicle.
Step21
Summary Alphabet H (continued):
If ‘h’ is behind ‘ex’, it is silent in most of the words as in Exhaust, Exhort, Exhibit, Exhume, Exhibitor. (See Image)
Step22
Summary:
(Step -- Combo -- Sound -- Word)
(1 -- h -- same -- Habit)
(2 -- c + h -- ch -- Punch)
(3a -- c + h -- ch -- Apache)
(3b -- c + h -- k -- Achy)
(3c -- c + h -- sh -- Chef)
(3d -- c + h -- silent ch -- Yacht)
Step23
Summary (continued):
(4a -- aug + h -- gh = ff -- Laugh)
(4b -- oug + h -- gh = ff -- Cough)
(5 -- p + h -- ff -- Dolphin)
(6 -- t + h -- soft th -- Cloth)
(7 -- t + h -- dh or hard th -- That)
Step24
Summary (continued):
(8 -- g + h + t -- silent gh -- Bright)
(9 -- aug + h + t -- aought = ot -- Naught)
(10 -- oug + h + t -- ought = ot -- Fought)
(11 -- w + h -- wh = ho or hu -- Who)
(12 -- vowel sound -- silent h -- Hour)
Step25
Summary (continued):
(13 -- vowel + h (end) -- silent h -- Ah)
(14 -- g + h (begin) -- silent h -- Ghost)
(15 -- vowel + g + h -- silent gh -- High)
(16 -- r + h -- silent h -- Rhino)
(17 -- r + h (end) -- silent h -- Myrrh)
Step26
Summary (continued):
(18 -- t + h -- silent h -- Thames)
(19 -- w + h -- silent h -- What)
(20 -- weak vowel syl -- silent h -- Vehicle)
(21 -- ex + h -- silent h -- Exhaust)

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eHow Article: How to Pronounce English Alphabets - Part I: Consonants (H)

Article By: Rattanji

Rattanji

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