Structural Home Inspection and Water Leaking

Plumbing leaks can cause a lot of damage if left unchecked.

Water leaks are the second most common reason for filing a homeowner's insurance claim, and they account for billions in losses each year. Leaks develop as plumbing fittings rust, crack or flex, and seals age. Hot water heaters, dishwashers and washing machines have gaskets or seams that eventually fail. Water can also get into the home from faulty irrigation systems, defective air-conditioning drains and roof damage. Structural home inspection is normally performed by a licensed professional when a home sells.

Roof

An inspector might start on the roof and work his way down. Telltale signs of roof leaks include soft or soggy spots on the roof, exposed decking, torn shingles or tar paper. A buildup of leaves and debris in the gutter can trap water and lead to wood rot and leaks. Inspecting the attic will reveal water damage to the insulation if a leak exists, and you can see it on the underside of the decking as a discolored or warped area. Faulty ducting can also lead to condensation buildup and water damage over time.

Plumbing

Water pipes and fittings offer ample opportunity for leaks; inspect them for any wet spots. Toilets may leak at the wall or at the floor seal. Wood rot or mold accumulation is a telltale sign of trouble. Faucets can leak out of sight into the cabinet space below, which attracts pests and mold. Water coming from the ceiling or floor probably means a pipe leaking in the wall. A ruptured sprinkler line can undermine the foundation through erosion and possibly cause the foundation to crack or buckle.

Appliances

Hot water heaters generally last from eight to 15 years. The tank or metal fittings will eventually develop leaks due to corrosion; check them carefully. A dishwasher might have a door gasket leak that allows water to collect under the cabinets or the drain, and fill lines may become cracked or loose. A washing machine hose might leak behind the washer and go undetected for some time.

Water Seals

Caulking or tile grout becomes brittle and moldy over time and must be replaced. Leaky caulk will allow water to become trapped inside the drywall, where it is extremely hard to see. This condition promotes mold growth and can lead to extensive dry wall and wood damage over time. Inspect showers, tubs and sinks for a good seal to protect against water damage. Windows and doors must also seal properly to prevent rain and moisture from getting into the home and causing wood rot.

Condensation Lines

Central air-conditioning systems have to route condensed water from the unit to the outside through a plastic or metal drain line. The line can become plugged causing a messy overflow. Chronic leakage will lead to wood rot. You can repair the leak by removing the obstruction in the drain line.

References

• Leak Defense System: Residential Water Damage Statistics
• State Farm: Preventing Water Damage In Your Home
• DFW Real Estate Market: Tips to Pass a Texas Home Inspection Successfully
• Inspecting Phoenix: Stop Those Water Leaks
• Popular Mechanics: DIY Home Inspector Checklist
• WebHVAC: Unclogging Your Air Conditioning Condensate Drain Line The Easy Way