Tips for Painting on a Panel Instead of Canvas
Wooden panels are just as much a traditional art support as better-known canvas, and in some cases panels have advantages. They are more durable, though they can warp. The provide a smoother surface than woven linen or canvas. Some artists like to stretch linen or canvas over a panel to get the benefits of both. There are some differences to painting on a panel instead of canvas, so consider them when making a choice and take advantage of the possibilities.
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Cradle
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Use a cradle for your panel. A cradle is a lightweight frame that is either nailed or glued to the back of the panel. It helps to support the panel and keep it from twisting or warping over time. It also provides support for lighter-weight panels like fiberboard or other thin composite boards.
Prime
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Prime the panel well. You will need to prime a panel with more coats than a canvas in most cases. This is due to the porosity of the wood. Use a high quality, undiluted artists' gesso. Apply the gesso in opposing directions. This ensures full coverage. The priming keeps the moisture out. It also protects the panel from oils and solvents.
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Sand
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Sand the panel and the gessoed surface for smoothest results. The panel lacks the natural tooth of canvas. You can take advantage of the clear, clean surface by sanding well. A 200-grit paper works well. Sand the panel prior to applying gesso. Sand each layer of gesso between coats. Sand the final layer to a glass-like finish and the brush will skate over the panel as you work.
Mixing Paints
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Since the panel has less tooth than canvas, there is less texture to pick up paint. For this reason, when mixing and applying very liquid paint, you may want to work flat. Lay the panel flat. Use sawhorses or even the floor for larger works. This gives you more control over the fluid. For other applications, you may want to use a thicker paint with more viscosity for better adhesion and workability.
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