Why Is Mold in a House Dangerous?

Mold can occur in any house, as long as a source of moisture exists. This can include standing water or excess humidity. If mold spores begin to colonize, they can create serious health hazards for anyone residing within the home. Immediate removal is essential.

Allergens

Although some molds are more dangerous than others, all molds contain allergens. If you have a mold allergy, or if you suffer from respiratory difficulties such as asthma, you may suffer from increased asthma attacks, swelling, eye and nose irritation or rashes after coming into contact with even a mild form of mold inside the house. You may not know you have a mold allergy until symptoms appear.

Pathogens

Some mold varieties, such as Bipolaris, are referred to as "pathogenic." These molds can cause infections in almost anyone regardless of allergies, but people with weakened immune systems have an elevated risk. Prolonged exposure can lead to a condition called hypersensitivity pneumonitis, an inflammation of the lungs that can cause coughing, chills, fever and shortness of breath. Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis can cause loss of appetite, trouble breathing and weight loss.

Mycotoxins

Toxigenic mold varieties such as Stachybotrys chartarum (black mold) are the most harmful types of mold. They emit mycotoxins that can manifest symptoms in anybody. In addition to allergic reactions, respiratory difficulties and infections, these mycotoxins have been linked to cancer, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Black mold requires immediate removal. If you do not know whether or not the mold in your home is toxigenic, contact an expert for a diagnosis. You cannot safely remain inside your house for an extended period of time while black mold is present.

Volatile Organic Compounds

All molds, whether toxigenic, pathogenic or allergenic, emit microbial volatile organic compounds, or mVOCs. These compounds consist of airborne chemicals released due to chemical reactions during mold germination. When you breathe in these compounds, they can impact your central nervous system, leading to dizziness, disorientation, headaches and memory loss, according to the EPA. If you spend the majority of your time in the house (particularly in the area where mold grows), you have a much higher risk of developing symptoms than someone who has limited or intermittent exposure.

References

• Environmental Protection Agency: An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality
• Environmental Protection Agency: Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Facts about Stachybotrys chartarum and Other Molds
• Advanced Mold Inspections: Mold Types and Mold Glossary