National School Transportation Specifications
More than 25 million students are transported to and from schools across the nation every day. As a result, it is very important that schools are compliant with safety guidelines when providing transportation for children. State-specific laws govern the operation of school transportation. National guidelines exist to address air quality, vehicle identification and maintenance, operational policies, driver qualifications and emergency procedures.
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Environmental Issues
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School transportation vehicles must meet current emission requirements set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to improve air quality in and around the bus. Older vehicles should be upgraded with improved emissions systems and efforts should be made to use cleaner fuels like propane, compressed natural gas, clean or bio-diesel. Also, newer buses may be equipped with hybrid technology.
Vehicle Specifications
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The American School Bus Council provides specifications that schools should follow to ensure safe operations of transportation vehicles. First, it is important that school buses are clearly labeled with the words "school bus" on the front and back ends. School buses must be painted "school bus yellow" to be compliant with the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Buses must have flashing red lights to warn other motorists when stopping to pick up or drop off children. In addition, there must be several emergency exits located throughout the bus.
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School Bus Operation
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School bus operators should be screened for prior driving incidents, drug or alcohol abuse, criminal background and physical health issues. Operators must undergo specific training for safe operation of the vehicle, emergency procedures, management of students, first-aid procedures, electronic communications and bus route information. School bus drivers must know how to perform pre- and post-trip inspections of the vehicle and be able to refuel the bus when necessary.
Safety Specifications
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School buses should not exceed passenger capacity set by the vehicle manufacturer. If seat belts are available, they should be worn whenever the bus is in motion. Emergency exits must be accessible at all times and the aisle should remain clear of obstacles. Students should receive training for safe loading and unloading, crossing the street, and emergency evacuation procedures should be practiced on a regular basis.
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References
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