Science Activities on Sponges
Science activities are a way for children to have fun and play, but also a way to provide an opportunity for learning. Activities using sponges are typically very easy, giving children some autonomy in each activity. Because sponge science activities are relatively easy, they are good for children of all ages. The materials involved are usually inexpensive. Children can learn about absorption and flotation and even make their own crystals using sponges.
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Sponge Basics
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Before children embark on a science activity, it is important that they understand sponges. Sponges are of two varieties, latex and natural. Children will be intrigued to find out that natural sponges are actually living animals. These creatures live in the ocean and have a thin layer of protective cells which form holes that allow them to absorb water. Latex sponges are found in the grocery store. Children can learn that latex is made from the sap of a rubber tree. Chemicals are added to the sap, which is whipped into foam and poured into molds. Sponges are then heated until they are dry, forming air holes.
Floating Sponges
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The floating sponge activity is a way to teach students about flotation. Have children fill two plastic containers with water. In the first container, place a dry sponge on the surface of the water. Ask children to observe whether the sponge floats or sinks. Children will notice that the longer the sponge sits on the water, the heavier it will become, causing it to sink. In the second container, have students submerge the sponge all the way and squeeze all the air out. Ask children to observe the results. This activity will teach a child that as the sponge absorbs water and loses air it will become heavier, causing it to sink instead of floating.
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Absorption
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Sponge science activities can also teach kids about absorption. This activity involves a latex sponge, a magnifying glass and a saucer with water. Have children observe the top of a dry sponge with a magnifying glass. If you are using this activity in school, you can have students draw what they see. Children will then cut out a 1/2-inch square from the latex sponge and place it in the saucer with water. Children can observe what happens with the naked eye and also with the magnifying lens. They should see the surface of the sponge expand in all directions.
Making Crystals
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Making crystals is a science activity which will yield a product that children can keep. Children will need Epsom salt, water, a pie pan, food coloring and sponges. Have children cut their sponges into small pieces while an adult boils 1/2 cup of water. Place the sponge pieces into a pie pan with separation between each sponge, and set aside. With the assistance of an adult, children should then mix 1/4 cup of Epsom salt with the boiling water and add one drop of food coloring. Pour the mixture over the sponges in the pie pan and place it on a windowsill or in a sunny place for several days. Children can chart the progress of their crystals each day.
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