Training for IT Specialists
Specialists in information technology (IT) work on computer systems in business, academia, and government capacities. Some IT specialists spend their time solving problems for users by providing technical support. Others work in the development of new software programs and operating systems. Finally, IT specialists are also employed in the design, deployment, and maintenance of networks and databases. All IT specialists are expected to have advanced training in computer technology. IT specialists typically earn four-year degrees in computer science, mathematics, or information systems.
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Computer Support Specialists
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Computer support specialists are IT professionals that assist others in servicing, updating, and using computers. Computer support specialists are usually on call at workplaces and call centers to help a computer user resolve a software or hardware problem. Employers typically prefer to hire computer support specialists that have a formal college degree and advanced technical skills. Knowledge of software programs, networking, and common computer issues is required. Some employers, especially those who work for technology companies, require their support specialists to receive special certifications to work on their company's products. Usually, a support specialist can earn this certification on the job, with the help of their employer.
Computer Programmer
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Computer programmers are employed in the design and development of software programs and supporting technologies. They usually work for software or internet companies, though some develop proprietary software for companies outside the tech sector. Employers generally expect computer programmers to have a bachelor's degree in computer science or mathematics. Employers of software programmers in specific fields like the sciences and engineering might also require their IT specialists to have some training in those fields. Computer programmers will additionally need on-the-job training to keep up with changing technology.
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Network Administrators
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IT specialists who work in the deployment and maintenance of databases, servers, or networks are called computer network administrators. Network administrators are typically responsible for setting up and servicing a computer network or database, and some also are responsible for protecting the network's security. Computer network administrators usually earn a bachelor's degree in computer science or information systems. Depending on the job, computer network administrators may be able to find employment with a combination of a two-year associate's degree in computer science and technical experience. Knowledge of common networking devices and their component software is critical.
Computer Systems Analysts
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IT specialists are sometimes needed to develop and set up a computer system for an employer. Computer systems analysts work in the business of helping to digitize other businesses and institutions, usually on contract. Some systems analysts also create customized programs for their employers. Anyone with advanced technical skills in networking, computer systems, or software programming can usually find work in systems analysis, although those with bachelor's degrees in computer science or information systems are often preferred. Computer systems analysts in business sometimes earn postsecondary business degrees as well.
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