Employment Laws for Arizona
Arizona employment laws encompass nine chapters and dozens of articles under Title 23 of the state code. These laws exist to ensure as reciprocal and exploitation-free a relationship as possible between employer and employee, while protecting the basic rights of all parties involved. Chapter headings for Arizona employment laws include "Employment Practices and Working Conditions," "Employment Security" and "Employment Protection Act." All employers and employees in the state are subject to these laws.
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General Employment Laws
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General employment laws in Arizona outline the basic rights and responsibilities of all employers. These laws cover minimum wage, equal wage rates, payment of wages and more. Equal wage-rate laws ensure that all employees in similar positions are paid an equitable amount regardless of sex, race, ethnicity or any other deciding factor. Payment laws outline the way in which employers must schedule paydays, pay fired or laid-off employees, provide overtime wages and situations for which it is permissible to withhold wages. Other general employment laws concern employee benefits, worker's compensation (payment in the event of a work-related injury) and employer liability.
Illegal Immigrant Employment
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Seven sections of the Arizona state code concern the employment of illegal aliens. According to the provision of these laws, Arizona employers are prohibited from knowingly or intentionally employing an unauthorized, or illegal, alien. Any employer found in violation of these provisions will face legal action from the state attorney general. "Knowingly" is defined as hiring an unauthorized alien with full knowledge of his legal status. "Intentionally" is defined as hiring an illegal alien with full knowledge of both his status and the illegality of such an action.
Other illegal immigrant employment laws concern the manner in which an employer is required to verify the status of an alien, a voluntary anti-illegal immigrant vigilance compliance program and independent contractor responsibilities.
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Youth Employment
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Two articles of Arizona state code concern child labor. One is entitled "Youth Employment" and the other is "Minimum Wages for Minors." Youth employment laws list occupations or occupational activities prohibited for minors ages 17 to 18 and minors age 16 and younger. These laws also state the permissible hours of labor for minors of each age group, the minimum age for newspaper carriers (10 years old) and the consequences of violating such laws.
Minimum wages for minors laws describes the minimum wage requirements for employed youth. In most instances, minors in Arizona are entitled to the standard state minimum wage. However, minors participating in apprenticeship programs may be paid less than minimum wage for the duration of that apprenticeship.
Employee Safety
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Three articles of Arizona state code concern employee safety. These articles are entitled "Division of Occupational Safety and Health," "Safety Conditions for Boilers and Lined Hot Water Storage Heaters" and "Safety Conditions for Elevators and Similar Conveyances." In their most basic form, these laws outline the safety procedures that must be followed by all employers in a potentially dangerous workplace. Laws further stipulate the manner in which employees must be alerted to safety requirements, the posting of literature concerning safety and the responsibility of the employer to train employees for all safety-related exigencies.
Other Laws
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The "Labor Relations" section and the Employment Protection Act work hand-in-hand to protect basic rights of employees and unions with regard to the Civil Rights Act -- the legality of picketing and boycotts, the nature of contractual relationships, employee organizational rights, the right to work and the practice of blacklisting, which is illegal.
Other employment laws concern benefits, job training, employer record-keeping practices and requirements, labor dispute claims, special permissions and laws for day laborers, and the manner in which the government will undertake investigations regarding the violation of these laws.
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