Japanese Red Maple Tree Care

The brilliant fall colors of a Japanese maple.

The Japanese maple (Acer palmatum) is a slow growing, deciduous tree commonly cultivated as a small ornamental. The tree is characterized by its brilliant fall foliage, which may be red, purple, yellow or scarlet. Japanese maple requires specific cultural conditions, and a moderate amount of maintenance and care in order to truly thrive.

Location

A native of China, Korea and Japan, the Japanese maple does best in somewhat cool, temperate climates. The tree is a suitable plant for U.S. Department of Agriculture zones 6 to 8. Some cultivars may be hardy down to USDA zones 5B. Plant the Japanese maple in a location with partial or filtered shade. In hot climates, the tree may be grown in full shade. Plant in an area sheltered from heavy winds and late spring frosts.

Soil

Plant Japanese maple in a well-draining, rich and slightly acidic soil. The tree is adaptable to different soil types, though it will suffer if soil has poor drainage. Japanese maple is very sensitive to drought and must be irrigated during summer droughts. Provide 3 to 4 inches of organic mulch to help conserve water during the summer. Mulch also helps prevent soil from splashing up onto the leaves during waterings.

Pruning

Thanks to their naturally attractive habits, Japanese maples do not require ornamental pruning. A little pruning can help to increase air circulation and promote new growth. Prune late in the season, around summer or fall. Pruning in spring results in an excess of messy, sticky sap and has a greater impact on the growth of the tree (which is already slow growing). Take care not to nick the tree's trunk, as open cuts invite disease and pests.

Problems

Leaf scorch is a condition that causes the margins of the leaves to become shriveled and discolored. The problem often occurs in the summer after hot, drying winds. The tree may drop its leaves prematurely, foregoing fall color. Prevent leaf scorch by planting the Japanese maple in an area protected from heavy sun coming from the south. Mulch with an organic material such as pine needles or composted leaves to cool the soil in the summer.

References

• Clemson University; Maple; Debbie Shaughnessy, et al.
• Ohio State University: Acer Palmatum
• Floridata; Acer Palmatum; Steve Christman; Oct. 10, 2004
• Mobot: Leaf Scorch