The Job Training Partnership Act of 1982
The Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) of 1982 was a federal United States law which succeeded the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) of 1973. JTPA was in turn succeeded by the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of 1998. All of these acts were designed to provide job training for youths and unskilled adults so that they could gain economic self-sufficiency.
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Provisions
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JTPA sought to establish education and employment networks in order to provide basic educational skills necessary for gainful employment. For youths aged 14 to 21 years of age, JTPA gave priority to those who did not meet established academic achievement levels for their age and who planned to find employment immediately following graduation. The act also facilitated entry-level jobs for youths so that they could gain work experience. Youths also received assistance with making the transition from school to work, with priority given to economically disadvantaged students and dropouts.
Native American and Migrant Workers
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JTPA also included provisions to help Native American and migrant laborers. The act called for evaluation of needs of these groups to increase employable skills and empowered states to provide feedback on administration of these programs.
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Job Corps
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JTPA set up Job Corps, residential programs for economically disadvantaged youths. Job Corps Centers provided room, board, medical care and education leading to completion of a high school diploma or GED along with simultaneous training in a vocational trade. Job Corp recruits could stay for a year or longer at a Job Corps Center and were helped in finding suitable employment in their communities when they left.
Veteran's Services
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JTPA included services for veterans. These veterans included those who had a service-related disability, Vietnam veterans and those who had recently been discharged from military service.
Replaced by WIA
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The 1998 Workforce Investment Act built on many provisions in JTPA and added others. Under WIA, the federal government sought to coordinate employment services by creating One Stop Career Centers in state regions which housed services for displaced workers, youth, veterans and recipients of public assistance all under one roof. Besides creating locally governed workforce development boards, an array of employable skills and job training were offered to eligible applicants. Job Corps continued, and preparation for military service was included as a career option.
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References
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