What Kind of Qualifications Are Needed to Work As a Customs Officer?
In the United States, customs officers work rigorously to inspect packages, people and vehicles. They ensure that only authorized items and people can cross American borders, which greatly impacts national security. The government has standards regarding the qualifications necessary to work in customs jobs. Do not apply for a customs position until you have reviewed and met these requirements.
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Citizenship and Residency
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Customs officers have to hold U.S. citizenship. Residency requirements stipulate that you must have been a resident for at least three years. According to the Department of Homeland Security, being a resident means that you have lived in the United States, worked overseas for the government as a member of a military branch, or that you were (or are) the dependent of someone serving overseas for the government. Additionally, you must be at least 21 years old.
Background Check
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The government does a background check on all customs officers. The background check looks for any criminal convictions you may have and checks your credit and drug history -- that is, it confirms your character and suitability as a government agent.
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Exams
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The government agent expects you to pass both written and physical exams to serve as a customs agent. This is because you have to have a knowledge of customs law and be physically able to handle items or people that pose a threat. If you fail the written test, you can't retake the exam for a year.
Education and Training
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For most customs positions, you must have at least a bachelor's degree. A degree in criminal justice provides you with better preparation for law enforcement. However, any bachelor's degree is acceptable. Military experience helps if your degree is not in a criminal justice area.
All new customs agents have to attend mandatory 14-week training in the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center in Glynco, Georgia. At the training center, you will learn customs basics like fraud and smuggling.
Position Variation
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There are many different positions within customs for which you may apply. For example, you can work in border patrol, or you can work in technical support. For each of these positions, additional requirements exist. For instance, a clerical position might require excellent data entry and typing skills, while a border officer may need to understand tracking. If you aren't sure what customs job is best for you, representatives from the Department of Homeland Security can advise you.
Additional Considerations
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As a customs officer, you must be sensitive to why people attempt to smuggle items or people into or out of the country -- that is, you have to understand sociologically what personal or political motivations people have. You also must be able to communicate effectively, as you'll need to explain to others why they or their possessions cannot pass over the border. This may involve intense standoffs and negotiations.
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References
- Photo Credit airport image by Svetlana Kashkina from Fotolia.com
