Banging Noises in Water Pipes
Construction professionals call banging noises in pipes "water hammer." A result of changing pressure within a plumbing system, water hammer produces several worrisome sounds, including constant hammering, sudden bangs and echoing thumps. Severe and recurring water hammer can damage pipes and valves. You can discuss prevention methods with an engineer, architect or plumber during home design or use several repair techniques to stop water hammer in an existing plumbing system. Does this Spark an idea?
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Explanation of Water Hammer
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Sudden pressure fluctuations cause shock waves to travel through water supply systems. Sufficiently strong shock waves produce movement and banging noises called "water hammer." Fluctuations in pressure are linked to the water's flow rate, called velocity. Whether water is completely still or rapidly flowing, a quick reversal or change in velocity could cause the pressure fluctuation and banging noises.
Causes of Water Hammer
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The operation of pumps and the opening or closing of valves commonly cause water hammer. Pumps that are attached to water supply systems, such as well pumps, suddenly increase water flow and sometimes cause water hammer. Nearly any type of plumbing valve can trigger water hammer, including both main valves and fixture valves. For example, quickly opening or closing a kitchen or bathroom sink faucet might cause water hammer.
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Prevention During New Construction
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Preventing water hammer begins during home design. Architects or builders can prevent water hammer by choosing pipes according to the anticipated pressure of the water system. The pressure ratings of water supply pipes vary according to pipe material, pipe diameter and wall thickness. Consult a plumber, architect or engineer to determine a design that will minimize the potential for water hammer.
Solutions for Existing Systems
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Several accessories reduce or eliminate water hammer in existing water supply systems. Water hammer arrestors, or "surge arrestors," are a common solution to water hammer. Arrestors are pipe-like tubes that connect to an existing plumbing system. Arrestors act as shock absorbers; water enters the arrestor's chamber, slows and returns to the supply system. Plumbers can also install flow regulation devices or pressure regulation devices to mitigate water hammer.
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References
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