What Causes Cracks in Trees?
Despite popular belief, frosts and cold temperatures are not the cause of tree cracks, according to the Mid-Columbia Community Forestry Council. Tree cracks are caused by damage made to tree's root systems at the time of planting, improper pruning cuts, mechanical wounds in trunks and injury made to roots because of soil compaction. Does this Spark an idea?
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Planting Injury
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Death to any major roots at the time of planting causes tree cracks to develop later, according to Mid-Columbia Community Forestry Council. Organisms that cause decay come from the injured root system and cause cracking on the trunk. It is important when planting a tree that you dig a planting hole that accommodates the size of the root system. Avoid pruning major roots to fit the tree's roots into the space. Also, plant trees in the same depth as they were planted in their nursery container.
Pruning
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Improper pruning practices such as leaving stubs or topping causes tree cracks. Oftentimes, improper pruning cuts create the perfect environment for diseases or other organisms to enter the trunk. For example, gardeners who cut into the branch collar risk their tree later developing a crack. The branch collar contains a chemical barrier to prevent harmful pathogens or organisms that cause decay from entering the main trunk of the tree. Make 45-degree downward angled cuts next to the branch collar when pruning.
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Trunk Injury
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Trunk injuries made from lawn mowers cause tree cracks. Improper mowing practices that result in nicked trunks or roots contribute to problems with tree cracks. To prevent nicking your tree with the lawn mower, avoid growing grass directly underneath the tree. Mulch around your tree to prevent weeds or your lawn mower from harming its base. Use a 3- to 4-inch layer of mulch 2 inches from the base of the tree and just beyond its dripline.
Soil Compaction
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Most trees need well-draining soil for proper root development. Compacted soil or a planting site next to a driveway impedes on root growth. Roots unable to grow and spread can cause cracking in the trunk. When picking a location to plant your tree, choose an area that has loamy or sandy soil. Also, keep in mind the mature height of your tree when picking a location. Avoid planting trees right next to outdoor structures that need any construction to prevent root injury.
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