What Is the Difference Between a Bridle & a Hackamore?
A hackamore is a type of bridle, or horse headgear. What differentiates a hackamore from a traditional bridle is the absence of a bit. Bits are small pieces of meal or synthetic material that are connected to the bridle and reins. This metal strip is inserted into the horse's mouth and can be moved around to direct the horse's movements.
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Traditional Bridles
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Traditional bridles consist of a crown piece, cheek pieces, a throat latch, brow band, nose band, rein and bit. The bit of a traditional bridle is attached to the bridle below the nose band and slipped into the horse's mouth so that it rests in the back of the mouth where there are no teeth. Reins are attached to the bit, and when the rider pulls on them, the bit moves in different ways. A slight pressure or pull in a particular direction pulls the bit, which puts pressure on the horse's gums where the bit sits, prompting the horse to move in a specific direction.
About Hackamores
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Unlike traditional bridles, hackamores have a nose band that goes around the horse's muzzle but does not connect to a bit. Instead, the nose band is aligned to certain pressure points on the horse's face. The reins are then connected to rings on either side of the nose band. When the rider pulls gently in one direction, it nudges the horse's head, making the horse move in the corresponding direction. Pulling both reins at once makes the horse stop.
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Uses
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Hackamores are used in specific styles of riding. The most common use is for Western style riding, specifically in competitions where the horse must perform trail and riding elements. The hackamore is also used for endurance riding. Additionally, some English riding disciplines utilize the hackamore, especially show jumping. Hacakmores are also used to train young colts, and as substitute bridles for older horses and horses with dental problems.
Considerations
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There is much debate in the equestrian community about whether traditional bridles or hackamores are more humane for horse riding and competition. The use of both types of bridles can be problematic when the rider applies too much pressure or frequently jerks the reins. Horses that have been trained with a bit bridle, but have become spooked by or refuse the bit, may benefit from a hackamore. When purchasing a hackamore, it is important to find a nose piece that properly fits your horse. Nose pieces that are too tight can cause chafing around the horse's nose and mouth.
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References
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