What Are Jobs in Cytology?
The field of cytology studies cells from microscopic samples of tissues in the body. Specialists in this branch of biology must be able to prepare samples of skin cells and be able to detect any color, size, or shape abnormalities in cell structure. If you are planning to go into the field of cytology, you must learn basic human anatomy, physiology and pathology. This field is ideal for someone who enjoys sitting in front of a microscope for long hours and for those whose enjoy working alone.
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Cytotechnologist
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Cytotechnologists are employed in hospital labs, private medical labs and universities, especially medical schools. Cytotechnologists analyze cells in order to identify common bacterial and viral infections, as well as fatal cell mutations, such as cancer. You must earn a bachelor's degree in cytology to become a cytotechnologist, or you may obtain a bachelor's degree in biology or chemistry-related field, and then earn a master's degree in cytotechnology. You may also be required to take a certification exam in order to work, or pass state medical boards.
Forensic Pathologist
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A forensic pathologist examines the bodies of people who have died unexpectedly or violently. The pathologist is responsible for determining the ultimate cause and manner of death. On a daily basis, you would evaluate crime scene evidence, collect trace evidence from the body, and perform an autopsy. A forensic pathologist goes to school for 13-15 years and is likely to have a background in toxicology, DNA technology, anatomy or cytology. A background in cytology is necessary for the proper collection of specimen and the training in cell abnormalities, which is vital in determining the proper cause of death.
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Animal Cytologist
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An animal cytologist is part biologist, part veterinarian. Essentially, your skills are used to analyze and evaluate animal cells at the microscopic level. For example, you would look for serious ailments such as heartworms, or everyday issues such as ear infections. An animal cytologist may use a variety of techniques to analyze the specimen, including staining, wherein you dye the cells and identify aspects of them based on the color changes. Typically, an animal cytologist works in an animal hospital, veterinary lab, or zoo. The education of someone in this profession is typically a four-year program as a veterinary technician, but some employers may hire you with a two-year degree in the field.
Cytogenetic Technologist
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Instead of looking for illnesses at the microscopic level, a cytogenetic technologist studies chromosomes to determine an individual's hereditary medical past and future using his DNA. For example, you would look for genetic birth defects or blood diseases that may have a negative impact in a child. This is often done for couples looking to conceive. This career path combines the fields of genetics and cytology, and some colleges in the U.S. offer dual degree programs in order to combine the fields. Before you begin working, you will also need to pass a certification exam in your state.
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