How to Construct a Science Fair Project
Science fair projects examine scientific questions, which are typically answered through the use of the scientific method. The first step in the scientific method is making observations. Following observations, scientists develop a question and then form a hypothesis. In order to test a hypothesis, scientists carry out experiments and collect data. After an experiment has been replicated many times, scientists form a conclusion. One of the largest precollege science fair competitions is the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair.
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Things You'll Need
- Research Resources
- Tri-fold presentation board
- Computer with word processing and spreadsheet software
- Computer printer
- Construction paper
Instructions
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Select a science fair topic area. Selecting a topic is often the hardest part of the science fair project. The first consideration in selecting a science fair topic is the rules or grading rubric for the project. Some contests allow projects only within certain topic areas. Since good science fair projects require a large amount of time and research, it is important to select a project that will keep one's attention. According to the Houghton, Mifflin, Harcourt's Education Place, when selecting a science fair topic, students should explore areas that interest them, like hobbies or special activities. They may also find topics rewarding that are related to their special skills or talents. Finally, it is important to select a topic that is age- and grade-level appropriate.
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Form the question the project will explore. It is important that your project be able to answer the question. The project should focus on a specific outcome.
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Form a hypothesis. The hypothesis be the model for the project's experimentation. According to Access Excellence, making a formalized hypothesis, which is based on an "if" and "then" statement, will help create a testable hypothesis.
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Conduct the experiment in order to test your hypothesis. According to Science Buddies, make sure you know your experimental procedure. Identify your variables. Gather all supplies necessary to conduct your experiment. Prepare your data table for recording observations, making sure it is clearly labeled. Experimentation should be replicated a minimum of five times before reaching a conclusion.
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Form a conclusion. The conclusion should summarize the results of the experimentation and may or may not support the hypothesis. If your conclusion does not support your hypothesis, explain possible reasons for the results obtained. Identify the relationship between the variables; often this can be done through graphs that can be created by hand or computer. Your conclusion may also suggest possible future experimentation related to the project.
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Compile your resources in a bibliography. Many science fair contests and grading rubrics require a minimum number of resources. These resources should be documented in a bibliography that is found at the end of the science fair booklet.
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Assemble the project booklet to be displayed with the project. Your project booklet should include all elements of your project assembled in chronological order, starting with your question and ending with your bibliography. A word processed booklet provides a professional appearance to your project and may be required for some grading rubrics. Booklets should have clearly labeled sections. If experimentation generated large amounts of raw data, that data may be kept and displayed in a separate data booklet. A cover page with the title of the project and the name of the student can enhance the booklet.
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Create the project display. A tri-fold display board is a great way to present your project to your audience, teacher or competition judge. Components of the project displayed on the board should be in a large enough font to be read standing in front of the board. The project's title should be prominently displayed. Due to size limitations, only the most important components of the project should be included on the board, but be sure to utilize all the space on the board. The display board can be enhanced by the addition of colored construction paper backgrounds, borders and art. An
esthetically pleasing display will invite people to read about the project, but keep in mind that the science is the most important part of the project.
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Tips & Warnings
In addition to construction paper, the tri-fold display board can be enhanced with other media such as paint, glitter or foil.
Follow appropriate safety precautions when conducting experiments.
References
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