How to Use a Weight Distribution Hitch System

Weight distribution hitches can help drivers safely tow heavier loads such as travel trailers and boats.

Weight distribution hitches are highly recommended for use when towing a trailer that weighs over 5,000 lbs. When a ball mount hitch is used for towing heavy loads, the entire weight of the trailer is transferred to the rear axle of the vehicle as the trailer causes the vehicle to sag and tilt toward the rear. Alternatively, weight distribution hitches help distribute the weight to the front and rear axles of the vehicle by using spring bars to create leverage between the trailer and tow vehicle. Better distribution of weight leads to better performance, traction and trailer control.

Things You'll Need

• Tongue weight scale
• Weight distribution hitch
• Tow vehicle

Instructions

1. Determine the proper size and class of weight distribution hitch to purchase. The gross trailer weight, or GTW, capacity of a weight distribution hitch should exceed the maximum weight of the trailer that it will be towing. Remember to factor in the weight of any cargo that will be carried in the trailer. The tongue weight rating of a distribution hitch should match the tongue weight rating of the trailer being towed.

2. Confirm the tongue weight of the trailer. Tongue weight is typically 10 to 15 percent of the GTW, but should be checked by placing the tongue of the loaded trailer onto a tongue weight scale. If a tongue weight scale is not available, a standard bathroom-style scale placed on top of cement blocks to raise the height of the scale can also be used.

3. Install the weight distribution hitch onto the vehicle's existing Class III, IV or V hitch. Check the weight capacity rating of the vehicle's standard hitch --- printed on the hitch --- to ensure that it is capable of withstanding the weight of the trailers that will be towed. In order to be eligible for the use of a weight distribution hitch, the hitch label must list a weight distribution rating.

4. Slip the weight distribution shank into the receiver outlet of the hitch. Attach the head unit of the weight distribution system to the shank using the bolts included with the weight distribution kit. Remove the pins holding the head unit in place and tilt the head to meet the height of the trailer tongue. Replace the pins to hold the head in its new position. Slide the spring bars into the weight distribution head from the front, or sides, depending on the particular style of system.

5. Back the tow vehicle up to the trailer and connect the spring bars and hitch to the trailer. Attach the chain links from the trailer mounted brackets to the spring bars to secure them in place. Secure the trailer to the weight distribution hitch using the head unit. Finalize the installation by double checking the installation procedures to ensure all components are securely fastened in place.

References

• eTrailer: Common Weight Distribution and Sway Control Questions