Percentage increase is one way to show how two totals compare -- the percentage increase shows how much larger a final amount is from the initial amount. You can calculate percentage increase using two different methods that compare the initial and the final quantities of a number.

In the subtraction method, you first calculate the amount of change between the initial quantity and the final amount. Subtract the initial total from the final total to find the change.

Say you had 105 sheep last year and 127 sheep this year. To find the change, you subtract 105 and from 127:

127 - 105 = 22

So, the total of sheep you have has increased by 22 sheep. Note that if you get a negative number when you subtract the initial total from the final, you're dealing with a percentage decrease instead.

Now, you divide the change by the initial total. This will give you a decimal number. Your total changed by 22 sheep, and your initial number of sheep was 105. So, divide 22 by 105:

22/105 = 0.209

Multiply 0.209 by 100 to get the percent change:

0.209 x 100 = 20.9 percent

So, the number of sheep you have increased by 20.9 percent since last year. Note that if you get a negative percentage using this method, then your total has decreased by that percent, rather than increased.

In the division method, you don't calculate change through subtraction. Instead, you first divide the final total by the initial total. Say you ate at 43 restaurants last year and at 57 restaurants this year. You want to find the percent increase. You divide 57 by 43 to produce a decimal number:

57/43 = 1.326

So, your first step produces a result of 1.326.

Now, multiply the decimal number by 100, and then subtract 100 from the product of this multiplication. You got a result of 1.326 when you divided your new total by your initial. Multiply by 100:

1.326 x 100 = 136.6

Now, subtract 100 from this total to find the percent increase:

136.6 - 100 = 36.6 percent

So, the number of restaurants you ate at this year increased by 36.6 percent from last year. If the total you get from this method is negative, then it is a percent decrease rather than a percent increase.