How Do I Form Routines With Dementia?

excercise is beneficial for people with dementia

Establishing routines and rituals are important for people living with dementia to minimize confusion. Even the smallest disruption in the daily routine can cause frustration, irritability and fear. Over time, it becomes difficult for anyone with dementia to accomplish even small tasks without the assistance of a caregiver, and it is helpful if tasks are scheduled at approximately the same time each day.

Instructions

1. Supply medications at regularly scheduled intervals throughout the day. It may be necessary to keep the medication box in a safe place that only the caregiver can access.

2. Set a bathroom routine with a reminder every few hours. Beverages should be limited prior to bedtime to prevent accidents.

3. Schedule bathing every day--or every other day. All items should be prepared before bath time. Test the water and make sure to use soaps and shampoos that are mild, such as baby shampoo or other no-tear formulas.

4. Lay out clothing each morning in the order they will be put on: underpants on top; then pants or skirt; bra, shirt or blouse; and socks. Place shoes side by side. Shoes without shoestrings are recommend to avoid tripping.

5. Serve several small meals at the same time each day. Make sure that the food temperature is not overly hot. Snack times should also be regular.

6. Set a daily exercise routine, including short walks outdoors, weather-permitting, or non-strenuous indoor exercise and other activities. Staying active is important for people living with dementia to prevent boredom and agitation, and it is also linked to reducing dementia symptoms.

Tips & Warnings

• People living with dementia get easily frustrated when tasks become difficult. It is important that a caregiver be patient, explain things in a calm voice and allow the person to attempt tasks without excessive assistance.

• Routines should not be altered and each task should be announced as an activity. For example, "It is 3:00 p.m.: bathroom time; or it is 8:00 p.m.: time to get pajamas on."

• The use of a medication box with both the day and time printed on it is often helpful to the caregiver of someone with dementia.

• In keeping with the helpfulness of routines, it is recommended to have the same caregiver(s) every day.

References

• For Caregivers: Daily Care for Dementia Patients
• Minimizing Confusion in the Dementia Patient
• Care of Patients with Dementia in General Practice Guidelines
• Coping with Dementia