How to Troubleshoot Small Electrical Motors

Electric motors are commonly found in smaller devices as well as some scooters built today.

Not many people realize that electric motors are all around, found in small tools all the way up to some cars and trains. Electric motors come in two basic types; the split phase and the capacitor start. Split phase motors are commonly found in smaller devices such as fans, saws and office machines. Capacitor start motors are slightly more powerful, providing more torque during the starting phase, and are found in bigger machines such as compressors, pumps and cars. Troubleshooting both types requires similar techniques.

Things You'll Need

• Vacuum
• Screwdriver
• Lubrication

Instructions

1. Vacuum off the frame of the motor as well as the air passages if the motor will not start. Clogged debris may cause the unit to run hot and prevent it from starting. Clean all the air ports if the air coming out is weak or unsteady.

2. Inspect the unit for signs of rusting or corrosion. Open the conduit box of the unit using a screwdriver and inspect the insulation for deterioration and corroded terminals.

3. Check the bearings of the motor for lubrication if the unit is noisy when running or the unit is running hot. Lubricate according to the owner's manual instructions.

4. Check the unit for excessive heat. Misalignment of bearings and parts, overloading of the motor and failed components is the likely culprit. Send the motor to a certified professional for inspection.

References

• Maintenance World: Maintenance and Troubleshooting of Electric Motors
• Sawdust Making: Electric Motor Basics