How do I Convert a European Law Degree to a U.S. Law Degree?

In order to commence or resume legal practice in the United States, those who hold foreign law degrees will need to gain admission to a state bar.

Converting a European law degree into a law degree recognized in the United States involves the same channels as the conversion of any law degree obtained in any foreign country. In order for a law degree to be utilized professionally, it must fit certain criteria that make it eligible for the holder to undergo a state bar examination and admission to a state bar. The requirements vary by state. For instance, some states may require the holder of a foreign law degree to acquire additional education, such as an LL.M., or Master of Law degree, in order to obtain an admission to the state bar. Other states may not require extra credentials. In short, law degrees obtained outside the United States must fit the criteria set by the state bar in whichever state the holder desires to practice law.

Instructions

1. Obtain an official state bar examination application package from the state bar admissions agency in the state in which you wish to practice. Some states may require applicants to take and pass a multi-state bar exam, or MBE, as well as the state bar exam. Applicants may pay the application and exam fee at this time.

2. Complete the application form and submit it to the state bar admissions agency. Exams are usually administered twice a year in most states and applications must be submitted at least 60 days prior to the exam dates, which also vary by state. For example, applicants in Florida must submit their forms no later than Nov. 15 for the February exam and May 1 for the July exam. This also allows ample time for study and other preparation.

3. Take and pass the state bar examination and, if necessary, the multi-state bar examination. Prior to the written exam, a character fitness screening that will involve an investigation by the state bar authorities, will also be conducted.

4. Register for and obtain the appropriate licenses after you have been admitted to the state bar. In most states, you may have to pay a license fee. Some states, such as New York, require no particular license fees.

Tips & Warnings

• A graduate or legal professional must have earned a Juris Doctor degree (J.D.) from a law school that fits certain educational standards set by the American Bar Association (ABA). Those without a J.D. degree from an ABA-accredited law school may not be admitted to a state bar exam, but may pursue alternatives to qualify for the bar exam. One such option is to acquire an LL.M. degree from an ABA-accredited law school. According to the Council of the Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar of the American Bar Association, law-related advance degrees, including but are not limited to LL.M., M.S.L., S.J.D. degrees. Advance degrees other than a J.D. may only serve as supplements to foreign professional law degrees in order for the holder to qualify for a state bar exam.

References

• American Bar Association: Post J.D. Programs by Category
• National Conference of Bar Examiners: The Comprehensive Guide to Bar Admission Requirements