How to Reinstall a Grub Loader
The Grub boot loader installs with Linux operating systems. Grub is the first program that loads when the computer boots up and provides a menu of installed operating systems; users select an operating system to boot in this menu or the default operating system starts automatically. Grub sometimes is corrupted or removed, often after you install Windows after a Linux operating system, since Windows replaces Grub with its own boot loader. Reinstall the Grub boot loader using your Linux operating system's disc, since your Linux operating system is not accessible if Grub needs reinstallation.
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Instructions
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Insert your Linux operating system's CD or DVD into your computer's disc drive and turn your computer on.
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Open a Terminal once the Linux disc boots up by clicking "Applications," "Accessories" or "System Tools" and "Terminal."
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List the partitions on your hard drive by typing "sudo fdisk -l" into the Terminal on Ubuntu Linux or "su -c "fdisk -l"" on other distributions of Linux and press "Enter." Type your password and press "Enter" when prompted.
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Determine the partition of your Linux operating system by reading the output of the "fdisk -l" command; the appropriate partition is likely the largest one.
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Mount the partition your Linux system is installed on by typing "sudo mount /dev/
sdXY /mnt" into the Terminal on Ubuntu or "su -c "mount /dev/sdXY /mnt"" on other Linux operating systems, replacing "/dev/sdXY" with the appropriate partition code, for example "/dev/sda1," and pressing "Enter."
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Reinstall Grub by typing "sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sdX" into the Terminal on Ubuntu Linux or "su -c "grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sdX"" on other Linux operating systems, replacing "/dev/sdX" with the appropriate drive name, for example "/dev/sda," and pressing "Enter."
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Restart your computer by typing "sudo reboot" into the Terminal on Ubuntu Linux or "su -c "reboot"" on other Linux distributions, and pressing "Enter." Remove the Linux CD or DVD when prompted.
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Log in to your Linux system.
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Open a Terminal by clicking "Applications," "Accessories" or "System Tools" and "Terminal."
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Update Grub's menu by typing "sudo update-grub" into the Terminal on Ubuntu Linux or "su -c "update-grub"" on other Linux operating systems, and pressing "Enter." Type your password and press "Enter" when prompted.
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