How to Make a Step Pyramid Model

Step Pyramid of Djoser.

The oldest pyramid in Egypt is the step pyramid in Saqqara. Prior to this architectural innovation, pharaohs were buried in rectangular structures called mastabas. The first pyramid is six of these mastabas stacked on top of each other. This structure was a tourist attraction even in the age of the Middle Kingdom (2040 BC -- 1640 BC). A simple replica can be created with a few materials. Step pyramids have a maze of tunnels and chambers inside to confuse possible thieves and provide space for all of the items that would be needed after death. This complex maze structure was built underground. Follow these simple steps to build a model of the first step pyramid in Egypt.

Things You'll Need

• Sugar cubes
• Glue
• Posterboard
• Pencil
• Diagram of step pyramid
• Pen

Instructions

Easy Step Pyramid Model

1. Form a square with 28 sugar cubes, 7 cubes on each side. Glue the cubes together. This is the base of the pyramid. Set the base aside to dry. Form a second square with 24 sugar cubes, 6 cubes to a side. This is the second layer. Make the third layer with 5 cubes along each side, the fourth layer with 4 cubes on each side, the fifth layer with 3 cubes on a side. The sixth layer will be made with 2 cubes on a side and no space in the middle. All 4 cubes of this layer should be touching each other in the shape of a square. Glue each layer as it is made and set aside to dry.

2. Place the bottom layer of the pyramid in the center of the posterboard. Trace around the outside with the pencil. Remove the layer from the posterboard and set aside. Review the diagram of the maze under the pyramid. Draw the burial vault as a square in the center of the posterboard. Draw a copy of the maze portion on the posterboard keeping all aspects inside of the square previously traced around the base of the pyramid. Label all of the parts as identified on the diagram. Indicate the entrance with an X drawn on the right side of the pyramid outline.

3. Build the pyramid upside down from top to bottom. Place the top layer, the 4 cubes glued together, on a flat surface. Center the next layer on top of the 4 cubes and glue in place. Continue with the other layers until all 6 layers have been placed and glued. Set aside to dry overnight.

4. Flip the pyramid over carefully. Verify all layers are secure. Reglue as necessary. When all layers are dry and secure place the pyramid on the posterboard over the diagram previously drawn.

Tips & Warnings

• The diagram of the mazes and entrances can be as simple or complex as the ability of the student allows.

References

• Sacred Places: Step Pyramid of Djoser
• Tour Egypt: Step Pyramid of Djoser