How to Compare Water Purification Systems

Purification can improve the taste of your water or make it safer to drink.

Water purification systems remove chemicals, mineral deposits, bacteria and other contaminants from water supplies. Purification not only improves the quality of water for drinking and cooking, but can also soften the water to allow it to clean clothes and dishes more effectively. When comparing water purification systems, consider factors such as water capacity rates, the function of each system and the maintenance requirements to help you make your selection.

Instructions

1. Test your water before you begin comparing water purification systems. Use a water testing kit to determine exactly what kind of contaminants you're dealing with, as this will help you narrow your search. For example, a system designed to remove mineral deposits from water may not effectively remove bacteria, and vice-versa.

2. Calculate the water capacity of each unit. Most systems will be labeled to inform consumers how much water they can purify and supply per day or hour. Capacity will be listed in gallons per minute (GPM) or gallons per day (GPD). According to the University of Wisconsin Extension Service, appliances like dishwashers or washing machines require 5 to 10 GPM. Figure at least 2 qt. of water per day for each person in the household to use for drinking and cooking purposes.

3. Decide which technology is best for you. According to NSF International, filtration systems are best for removing chemical and mineral particles, while UV systems are best for zapping bacteria. Softening systems remove mineral and metal deposits, while distillation systems can eliminate mineral deposits, but are ineffective against chemicals. Osmosis systems dilute water to lower contaminant ratios rather than removing the materials completely.

4. Choose between point-of-entry and point-of-use systems. Entry systems purify all of the home's water as it enters the house. These systems are best for water softening and removing minerals. Point-of-use systems clean small batches of water at a time and are best for purifying water for drinking or cooking.

5. Ask about maintenance requirements. Most units will need a new filter every few months or so. Check on filter pricing and availability for each unit, and make sure you can easily access the unit to replace the filter yourself. For softening systems, you will need to add more treatment chemicals or sodium to restock the machine regularly. Check on the price of these materials and on the ease of refilling the system.

6. Consider the installation requirements for each unit. Point-of-entry systems will likely require the help of a plumber during installation. They may also be fairly large, so make sure you have the space. Point-of-use systems can fit under the sink or directly on the faucet. Check on space requirements and tools needed to install these units if you plan to do the work yourself.

References

• University of Wisconsin Extension: Home Water Safety
• NSF International: Home Water Treatment Devices
• University of Missouri Extension: Understanding Home Water Treatment Systems