How to Grade Rare Coins
Coin values can vary greatly depending on the condition of the coin, so accuracy is important among numismatists. Grades range from choice uncirculated (MS-63) to good (G-4) with a number of levels in between. In general, a coin that grades as choice uncirculated is free from any flaws, while a coin in good condition is actually in pretty bad shape with plenty of wear.
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Instructions
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Know that grading can differ greatly from coin to coin depending on the design and how easily certain features of the coin wear over time. For example, the standing Liberty quarter that was minted from 1916 to 1930 was notorious for the date on it being easily worn. That makes coins in the more pristine conditions harder to find.
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Use your magnifying glass or other magnifying device to carefully examine the coin for any blemishes. Make a note of each flaw that you see.
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Check the shine of the coin. Some older coins have been cleaned and conditioned (what numismatists called whizzed) to simulate an uncirculated luster similar to those on proof coins. This actually decreases the value of the coin.
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Determine the grades. A coin that is heavily worn would grade in the G-4 range. If major details are still clear, yet there is a fair amount of wear, the coin would grade in the very fine (VF-20) range. For a coin to be in the uncirculated range of grades, it must retain most of its original luster and have only slight traces of wear on its features.
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Protect your coin. If you have a rare coin that would grade in the upper end of the grading scale, you should put it in a protective holder. Popular options include cardboard sleeves with an opening for the coin covered in cellophane. You put the coin in, fold the sleeve together and staple it shut. You can also use plastic snap tight holders that are more durable and expensive.
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Tips & Warnings
If in doubt, seek advice from a local coin dealer or find a discussion forum online on which to ask questions.
