How to Build a Website Using Java
Java is a powerful and versatile language that can be used to develop a variety of applications, including websites. This guide will cover the basic steps involved in building a website using servlets written in Java 6 on the Apache Tomcat 6 web server. While a website may be built on Tomcat using only Java Server Pages (JSP), this guide is limited to building a simple "Hello, World" servlet.
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Things You'll Need
- Instance of Apache Tomcat 6
- Java SE 6 development kit (JDK)
- Java Servlet API library (typically named servlet-api.jar)
Instructions
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1
On your computer, create a file called HelloWorldServlet.java with the following code:
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// The response.getWriter() method returns a PrintWriter that can be used to write
// data to the output stream. We'll use it to write out a web page.
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head><title>Hello, World!</title></head>");
out.println("<body><p>Hello, World!</p></body>");
out.println("</html>");
}
} -
2
Compile the HelloWorldServlet.java source file into a class file using the javac command.
javac -cp servlet-api.jar HelloWorldServlet.java
Note: This example assumes that servlet-api.jar is located in the same folder as HelloWorldServlet.java.
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3
Create a folder named WEB-INF and a file in the folder called web.xml with the following contents:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4">
<!-- Give the servlet a name specific to this web application -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>HelloWorldServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet><!-- Map the servlet name to a URL -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app> -
4
Create a folder under WEB-INF named "classes" and copy HelloWorldServlet.class into the folder.
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5
Create a folder named META-INF and a file in the folder called context.xml with the following contents:
<Context path="/"/>
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6
Use the Java Archive tool (jar) to create a web application archive (war) that can be deployed to the Tomcat server:
jar -cf ROOT.war .
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7
Copy the ROOT.war file to the Tomcat web server's "webapps" directory.
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8
View the output of the HelloWorldServlet by going to the Tomcat web server's address. (e.g., http://server:8080/ or http://192.168.0.10/)
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Tips & Warnings
Use an Ant script to help automate the build and deployment process. This will ensure that the compilation and war file building are handled in a consistent and easy manner.
References
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Comments
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how to develop java website using eclipse.
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I like this , please teach us more about java.
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Hi, I developed an application in java which continuously read data from USB port and show some graphical analysis. Currently my customer wants to convert the application to WebApp on Tomcat server. I don't have enough knowledge on ASP, Applet, Servlet. Can you please giuide me what will be the best/easiest way to reuse the java code to show the graphical analysis on web? Note that I am professional ASP.net with C# professional. Thanks in advance.
