How to Build Stage Props
The art of building theater properties (or "props") is one that changes with every show and every new prop a designer makes. As a props builder, you must develop ever-changing design techniques to fit the visual, functional and durability requirements of the particular specialty props needed for each show. By taking a creative approach and having a wide variety of materials and techniques at your disposal, you can build great stage props for your next play.
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Instructions
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Read the play's script carefully to know how each prop is used and consult with the director before you start building anything. She may have particular requirements for props, either visually or functionally, so talk with her about what you're planning to make and how.
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Determine the basic requirements for each piece. How the prop looks to the audience (or how it "reads" from a long distance) is the most important aspect. You also have to consider how the prop is going to stand up to handling by the actors over the course of the show. In general, build props that are as physically hardy as possible because they take a lot of punishment during a show and may get accidentally knocked around in the darkness of the backstage area.
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Consider the way a prop moves and its weight. For example, if you build a dead animal that looks realistic but you stuff it with cotton, it will appear fake whenever the actors handle it because the audience will see that it's too light.
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Design the basic physical structure of each prop. Decide how to build it based on the skills and materials you have at your disposal as an artisan. For example, if you can sculpt, make props from moldable materials including air-dry clay for temporary ceramic items, polymer clay for small, detailed pieces, moldable plastic (such as Friendly Plastic) for a variety of durable handhelds or even precious metal clays for the creation of custom jewelry. If you have experience with papier-mache, use it to create large props that are lightweight and easy to move during loading or quick scene changes.
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Decorate the finished prop. Painting and drawing skills allow you to decorate items and give them the proper color and texture.
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