How to Troubleshoot the Power Steering on a 2001 Grand Cherokee

The 2001 Grand Cherokee uses a standard recirculating ball steering gear box with hydraulic power supplied by the power steering pump. The power steering pump supplies hydraulic pressure to the gearbox through a high-pressure hose and the fluid returns from the gear to the pump by a low-pressure hose. Power steering pumps are compatible with either rack and pinion or recirculating ball steering mechanisms.

Difficulty: Moderate

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• Set of line wrenches
• Set of wrenches

1. Inspect the fluid level and the color of the fluid. If the level is low, fill the reservoir with power steering fluid to 1 inch from the top. Do not overfill.

2. Check the tension on the belt. If the belt is loose, every time the steering is turned more than 15 degrees, additional pressure is put on the pump and the belt will slip. This will cause difficulty in steering.

3. Start the engine and listen for loud whining noises. This indicates a bad pressure relief valve. Replacement of the pump is indicated.

4. Observe the power steering pump hoses for leaks or kinks. Replace if leaking. If they are leaking at the pump or gearbox connection, tighten with the line wrench.

5. Observe the power steering pump and look for leaks between the pulley and the pump. This would necessitate replacing the pump.

6. Inspect the pinion shaft at the bottom of the power steering gear for leaks. This would require rebuilding the power steering gear, which is moderately difficult, or replacing the gear.

7. Inspect the steering linkage for looseness when rocking the wheel back and forth. Excessive free play indicates a problem with the steering linkage, causing the power steering to feel sloppy. The power steering would not be at fault but the steering gives that impression.

Tips & Warnings

• Check the fluid by putting a small amount on the top of your hand. If the fluid is clear with a red tint, the fluid is good. If the fluid is brown in color, it is contaminated with water and seal material. When the fluid is contaminated it lowers the boiling temperature and reduces the lubricating properties of the fluid, which will cause rapid wear to the components. It is also known to damage seals. The power steering system should be flushed and refilled.

References

• Don Bowman, A.S.E. Certified Mechanic

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