How to Use Electromagnets
An electromagnet generates a magnetic field from the flow of electric current and is generally stronger than permanent magnets that don't require electricity. The magnetic field of an electromagnet is proportional to the current and is concentrated by winding the electrical wires around an iron core in a coil. This design can make the magnetic field thousands of times stronger than just the field strength of the coil. Smaller electromagnets are found in many electronic products and large ones can perform industrial lifting.
Instructions
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1
Ensure that the electromagnet makes maximum surface contact with the work piece. Air gaps between the electromagnet and work piece dramatically reduce the electromagnet's holding strength.
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2
Determine the load limits of the electromagnet. Limit the loads on lifting applications to one-fourth of the listed holding value. Limit the loads on holding applications to half of the listed holding value.
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3
Increase the surface area when lifting sheet metal. The thinness of the metal reduces the holding value, so more electromagnet may be required for sheet metal. Increasing the number of electromagnets increases the holding power, even when the surface area is unchanged.
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4
Increase the power an electromagnet temporarily to increase the holding value. Generally, the percentage of overpower on the electromagnet should be limited to the percentage of time that the electromagnet is in operation (duty cycle). For example, if the duty cycle is 50%, then overpower should be limited to 50%.
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5
Lift non-magnetic parts with an electromagnet. Place the non-magnetic part between the electromagnet and a permanent magnet. Adjust the polarity of the electromagnet so that it attracts the permanent magnet.
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