How to Make a Model Volcano Erupt

You can make a simulation of a real volcano eruption with the right ingredients.

Model volcanoes are a staple of elementary school student science fairs. They can also be a lot of fun for a summer family project. Making a model volcano erupt is a simple process. But as a precaution, wear old clothes and assemble your materials outdoors if possible. The simulated lava can create a mess.

Things You'll Need

• Model volcano with jar in center
• 1/2 cup water
• 1/4 cup vinegar
• 1/4 cup dish detergent
• Red or orange food coloring
• 2 tbsp. baking soda
• Tissue

Instructions

1. Build your volcano using modeling clay or other materials. In the center, use a container to hold liquid. Depending on how big you are making your volcano, this can be an old water bottle, soda bottle with the top cut off or even a simple glass jar.

2. Add ingredients to your container. This includes the water, vinegar, dish detergent and several drops of food coloring. Do not add your baking soda at this stage.

3. Add the baking soda when you are ready for an eruption. Wrap the baking soda in a tissue and drop into the volcano. The baking soda will react with the vinegar and cause the eruption.

Tips & Warnings

• When constructing your volcano, you could build in a release mechanism for the baking soda. A hidden trip lever could be added that is tripped with a fishing line. Attach the baking soda here, and pull the string instead of dropping the baking soda in the top. This is a way to surprise people at the fair.

• Experiment with your mixture. A bit of flour could be added to thicken the lava.

References

• Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology: Let's Make a Volcano