How to Choose a Generator for the Home
No one likes it when the power goes out. And some seasons are just prone to severe storms that seem to cripple the electric companies over and over again. Often there are large regional outages that last for days before power is restored. We have to cope with dark rooms, food spoilage, being terribly cold or hot, and not being able to get to work. A home generator can be the answer, but it's a complicated product to choose, purchase, install and operate. Does this Spark an idea?
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Things You'll Need
- owner's manual fuel storage location concrete installation pad outside the home (optional) transfer switch (optional)
Instructions
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Generator basics
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1
Determine what appliances and fixtures you want to keep operating if the power goes out. Generators are not substitutes for full power service; they are only a means to give you the basics during an outage.
For calculations, visit the following Consumer Reports site and click on "wattage calculator:" http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/home-garden/safety-security/generators-10-06/overview/0610_generator_ov.htm -
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Decide what type of unit best fits your needs. There are three basic types: wheeled portable generators that operate on gasoline, large stationary models that typically run on liquid propane or natural gas, and battery inverter systems.
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Weigh the pros and cons of each type of unit. For gasoline-fueled generators you must be able to preserve the fuel with stabilizers, and be able safely store up to 12 to 18 gallons for each day's use, because gas stations are often closed during power outages.
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Determine how much you are willing to spend. There is a wide variety of pricing from $300 up to $3,700 and even more, depending on unit type.
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Visit vendors, home centers and electric-supply companies that sell generators. Ask questions and get information about installation, operation, and maintenance before you place an order.
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6
Read the manufacturer's set-up and operation manuals immediately after purchase. Check the resource below for a sample owner manual. Test-run your unit after set-up. Some units may require "start checks" on a recurring basis.
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Tips & Warnings
There are compact portable units for supplying power at job sites and campgrounds. Installation costs can run from $500 to $1,000 for stationary units, and you'll need to add another $500 for a power-transfer switch, which is preferable to running extension cords. Battery inverter generators are the quietest of all types and can be placed in basements; their weakness is their limited period of operation before the batteries have to be recharged. Also, they are usable for small wattage demands only. Find "wattage" stamped on the motor nameplate or electrical data plate of appliances. For those listing amperage figures, multiple amps by volts.
In addition to adding up the wattage required to run the items you choose, you must also calculate inductive load appliance figures---these are the tools and appliances that need more power to "start up" initially. • There is a danger of carbon monoxide poisoning with gas engine generators; units must be placed safely away from houses (15 feet is suggested). • Beware: the run-time on gasoline units is often understated by the manufacturer. Check building and zoning codes before you buy a heavy unit. Also, line up plenty of help when it's delivered---some units may require up to four men to move. Outside extension cords must meet certain specifications; ask vendors for info. A generator is not meant to be connected directly to your home's wiring without a transfer switch. Direct connection may be illegal, and can be extremely dangerous for power company linemen.
References
Resources
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