How to Build a Concrete Patio Base

Concrete makes a terrific base for patios. It's good-looking and resilient to damage from weather and wear and tear. A concrete pad is relatively simple to install by just one or two people. Further, it won't shift around like patio bricks or pavers or rot like wood; it adds long-term value to your home as well as giving you a great place to entertain friends and family.

Things You'll Need

• Shovel
• 2x4 for framework
• Wood stakes
• Level
• Bucket, wheelbarrow, or concrete mixer
• Mesh or rebar (optional)
• Trowel
• Hose with spray nozzle
• Concrete sealer (optional)

Instructions

1. Plan your patio well. Once you pour your concrete pad it is permanent. Check your local zoning office for restrictions or requirements. Get a building permit for your project.

2. Mark the perimeter of your patio and dig out the area at least 1 foot deep with a shovel; allow an extra 4 inches around all sides for bracing that will be removed once the slab is finished.

3. Plant 2x4s around the perimeter. Build your frame up to ground level using as many 2x4s as needed to reach that level. Use wood stakes to secure the framework. Use a level to ensure that your frame is level so the top of your concrete pad will be even.

4. Shovel gravel into the base of your patio at least 8 inches thick. Smooth it out with a rake for a level surface.

5. Mix concrete according to the directions on the bag. For smaller projects the concrete can be mixed in a large bucket or wheelbarrow. For larger projects a mixer is a worthwhile investment.

6. Pour concrete at least 4 inches thick. The thicker your pad the more stable it will be but for light foot traffic, 4 inches is a minimum. Laying a mesh or rebar inside the concrete as you pour helps strengthen large patio pads. In order to lay a mesh strengthener pour half the concrete, lay the mesh on top of that layer and then pour the remaining concrete over the mesh. Use a level to make sure the surface of your concrete is even.

7. Smooth the top of the concrete with a trowel or the edge of a 2x4.

8. Let concrete dry completely before walking on it. To prevent cracking or buckling while drying, keep the surface of the concrete misted while it dries. Use a hose nozzle set on fine mist to lightly wet the surface at least every six hours during the drying period.

9. Remove framework. Back-fill the edges of the ditch with dirt.

Tips & Warnings

• Don't pour concrete on an extremely hot day (temperatures over 80) for the best results. Temperatures over 80 degrees will dry the concrete too quickly and can cause cracks or buckling. To keep your concrete pad looking its best and prevent stains, seal it with a concrete sealer after it has set for the appropriate amount of time. If you desire a concrete pad that is not the traditional concrete color, you can add concrete color to the mixture before you pour it to give it a unique appearance. If you add color to your concrete mix, it is important to mix all of the concrete you will be using at once to ensure a uniform color throughout the project.