How To

How to Use Bike Gear Ratios

Contributor
By James Rada Jr.
eHow Contributing Writer
(0 Ratings)
Bikers competing in a race
Bikers competing in a race

If you're going to bike over hills, knowing how to shift gears properly and use the right gear for the slope will give you a smoother ride. Forget the days of the 10-speed bike. Most gear bikes today boast 21 speeds. Typically, a 21-speed bike will have three front gears (attached to the pedal crank) and seven rear gears (attached to the rear axle). The combinations of front and rear gears give you the 21 speeds. The front gears are controlled by the left-hand shifter, and the rear gears are controlled by the right-hand shifter.

Difficulty: Easy
Instructions

Things You'll Need:

  • Biking helmet
  1. Step 1

    Gearing for general biking: Use the number two front gear by shifting the left-hand shifter. This allows you to shift through the seven rear gears if needed. It is the position that gives you the greatest range (seven speeds).

  2. Step 2

    For climbing hills: Using the right-hand shifter, shift to the number one gear (the largest rear gear). For steeper hills, use the left-hand shifter to change the front gear to the number one position. How this works: If you pedal one turn with a small front gear attached to a large rear gear, you have to pedal faster to make the rear gear turn one revolution; hence, you go slower, but it is easier for you to pedal.

  3. Step 3

    For greater speed: Using the right-hand shifter, shift to the number seven gear (the smallest gear). For even greater speed, use the left-hand shifter to change the front gear to the number three position. How this works: If you pedal one turn with a large gear attached to a small rear gear, the smaller gear will have to turn faster to make one revolution in the same time the larger front gear does; hence, you move faster.

  4. Step 4

    Approaching a stop/leaving a stop: Use the right-hand shifter to move to a lower gear (numbers one through three). This makes it easier to get started out of the stop. As you accelerate you can shift the rear gears up to the higher numbers for greater speed.

Tips & Warnings
  • A 21-speed bike doesn't really give you 21 speeds. Because of the extreme angles that some gear combinations can put on a chain, you really get only 13 or 14 usable speeds from a 21-speed bike.
  • Don't shift while you're pedaling hard. This can damage your bike. If you need to shift gears while going uphill, pedal lightly while you shift. Never use all of the rear gears when the front gear is set in the number one or three positions. Doing so creates a large angle in the bike chain and can cause problems with the bike.

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