How to Sharpen Hand Tools

No matter what sort of hand tool you are using--a hatchet, an axe, shears or a knife, they can all be sharpened. The key to do an effective sharpening job is locating the bevel, or slanted portion where the blade narrows from its full width down to the edge. Some tools, like scissors, may have only one beveled side to the edge, with the other side being completely flat. Other items, like most knives, will have two bevels, one on each side of the blade. In any case, here are some tips for sharpening.

Difficulty: Moderate

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• Metal file
• Whetstone
• Whetstone oil

1. Locate the bevel or bevels on the tool that you are sharpening.

2. Hold the metal file perpendicular to the blade, oriented at the same angle as the bevel. You don't have to measure this precisely--just gauge it as best you can by eye.

3. Stroke the file back and forth perpendicular to the blade, using smooth even pressure. Think of it not so much as sharpening the edge, but removing metal that is around the edge to reveal it.

4. Turn the blade over, if it has two beveled sides, and repeat the same number of smooth, controlled strokes at the same angle on the other bevel.

5. Apply a thin film of oil to your whetstone.

6. Hold the beveled blade against the whetstone at the same angle you used with the metal file. Stroke the blade evenly across the whetstone, alternating sides every stroke or every few strokes if you prefer.

7. Stop when you have reached the desired thickness and sharpness of edge.

Tips & Warnings

• Edges that receive a lot of force, like on an axe or hatchet, should not be sharpened to as fine a point as other tools like knives. If the edge is too delicate on force-wielding tools, it will break.
• Wear a dust mask and eye goggles to protect your throat and eyes from metal dust.